Effect of population density on the yield of export-type white yams (Dioscorea rotundata Poir.)

Authors

  • Dairo Javier Pérez Polo
  • Rodrigo Orlando Campo Arana

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2016v10i1.5072

Keywords:

competitividad, rendimiento, rentabilidad, tubérculo

Abstract

The limitations for yam crops destined for the export market include low yields per unit area and the production of deformed and overly large tubers that are rejected by the market, causing huge losses for small farmers. In order to increase the export competitiveness of yams, the effect of population density on the yield of white yams (D. rotundata cv. Brasilero) was evaluated. On the experimental farm of the Universidad de Córdoba, an experiment was conducted with a randomized complete block design and three replications using the following densities (treatments): 10,101, 22,727, 30,303 and 45,454 plants/ha, where the first treatment corresponded to the density used by producers (control). The following yield components were evaluated each time: number, shape, weight, size and production of export-type and non-export-type tubers. In addition, an economic analysis of the treatments was carried out to assess the impact of adoption. The export-type production increased as the population density increased, achieving the maximum yield with 30,303 plants/ha, surpassing the control by 197.75%, this population was also the most profitable, 116.67%. The shape, weight and size of the tubers were not affected by the population density, the cylindrical shape was the most frequent. It was concluded that the white yam cv. Brasilero population increase significantly influenced the number of export-type tubers per hectare, tripling the number, as well as increasing profitability

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Acosta, C. 1980. El cultivo del ñame (Dioscorea spp.). Temas de Orientación Agropecuaria (TOA) 145, 18-66.

Agronet. 2016. Estadísticas área cosechada, producción y rendimiento de ñame, 1986-2014. En: http://www.agronet.gov.co; consulta: enero de 2016.

Álvarez, A. 2000. Prácticas agronómicas para el cultivo de ñame. pp. 33-39. En: Guzmán, M., Buitrago, G. (ed). Ñame: Producción de semillas por biotecnología. Editorial Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. [

Blake, R. 1983. A set size and spacing trial in white yam (Dioscorea alata L.). pp. 11-20. En: Proc. Caribbean Regional Workshop on Tropical Root Crops. AGRIS, Jamaica.

Bouzo, C. 2000. El cultivo de la papa en Argentina. Universidad del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina.

Cardona, J. 2007. Distancia de siembra en la producción y calidad de ñame Guinea negro (D. rotundata). J. Agric. Univ. P.R. 91(1-2), 61-65.

Cornet, D., J. Sierra, R. Tournebize y B. Ney. 2014. Yams (Dioscorea spp.) plant size hierarchy and yield variability: Emergence time is critical. Europ. J. Agron. 55, 100-107. Doi: 10.1016/j.eja.2014.02.002

Cornet, D., J. Sierra, R. Tournebize, B. Gabrielle y F. Lewis. 2016. Bayesian network modeling of early growth stages yam interplant yield variability and allows for agronomic improvement in West Africa. Europ. J. Agron. 75, 80-88. Doi: 10.1016/j.eja.2016.01.009

CNP. 2015. Sistema de información de mercados agroalimentarios: Análisis de mercado de ñame. Boletín No. 1. Consejo Nacional de Producción, San José, Costa Rica.

De Souza, L. y E. Soares. 1998. Estudo da freqüencia de irrigaçao, densidade de plantas e níveis de nitrogenio na cultura do inhame. R. Bras. Eng. Agríc. Ambiental. 2, 37-41. Doi: 10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v02n01p37-41

FAO. 2016. Yam production statistics 2013. Faostat, FAO, Roma.

Fundación Procaribe. 2012. Guía práctica para el manejo orgánico del cultivo de ñame tipo exportación. En: https://issuu.com/swissaid-ko/docs/cartilla__ame_julio_2012; consulta: octubre de 2015.

Getachew, T., D. Belew y S. Tulu. 2012. Yield and growth parameters of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) as influenced by intra row spacing and time of earthing up: In Boneya Degem District, Central Highlands of Ethiopia. Int. J. Agric. Res. 7(5), 255-265. Doi: 10.3923/ijar.2012.255.265

Heredia, N., M. Carmo y A. Minuzzi. 2000. Produçao de cará (Dioscorea sp.) em diferentes densidades de plantio. Cienc. Agrotec. 24 (2), 387-391

IPGRI-IITA. 1997. Descriptores para el ñame (Dioscorea spp). Instituto Internacional de Agricultura Tropical, Ibadan, Nigeria.

Masarirambi, M., F. Mandisodza, A. Mashingaidze y E. Bhebhe. 2012. Influence of plant population and seed tuber size on growth and yield components of potato (Solanum tuberosum). Int. J. Agric. Biol. 14 (4), 545-551.

Meneses, C. 2008. Absorçao de NPK na cultura do inhame (Dioscorea cayennensis Lam) em tres densidades de plantio. Tesis de maestría. Centro de Ciencias Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Reconcavo da Bahia, Brasil.

MDA. 2011. Costos de producción de rubros agrícolas. Ministerio de Desarrollo Agropecuario, Panamá.

Okpara, D., A. Ikoro, E. Mbah y F. Akpaninyang. 2014. Growth and yield of white yam (Dioscorea rotundata Poir.) microsett in response to plant population and NPK fertilizer. Nig. J. Crop Sci. 2(1), 72-76.

Orkwor, G., R. Asiedu e I. Ekanayake. 1998. Food yams: Advances in research. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria.

Otoo, J.A. 1980. Effect of time of topping and spacing on seed yam yield. Ghana J. Agric. Sci. 13, 93-100.

Palencia, G., T. Mercado y E. Combatt. 2006. Estudio agrometereológico del departamento de Córdoba. Gráficas del Caribe, Montería, Colombia.

Pérez, D., R. Campo y A. Jarma. 2015. Respuesta fisiológica del ñame espino (Dioscorea rotundata Poir.) a las densidades de siembra. Rev. Cien. Agr. 32(2), 117-124.

Razaq, M., A. Rab, H. Alam, Salahuddin, S. Saud y Z. Ahmad. 2015. Effect of potash levels and plant density on potato yield. J. Biol. Agric. Healthcare 5(13), 55-62.

Reina, Y. 2012. Documentos sobre economía regional: El cultivo de ñame en el Caribe colombiano. Banco de la Republica, Cartagena.

Robles, P. 2008. Influencia de la densidad de plantación sobre la producción y calidad de dos cultivares de patata. Tesis de especialización. Escuela Universitaria de Ingeniería Técnica Agrícola, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid.

Rojas, R., W. Gutiérrez, D. Esparza, B. Medina, Y. Villalobos y L. Morales. 2007. Efecto de la densidad de plantación sobre el desarrollo y rendimiento del cultivo de la yuca Manihot esculenta Crantz, bajo las condiciones agroecológicas de la Altiplanicie de Maracaibo. Rev. Fac. Agr. 24(1), 94-112.

Sánchez, C. y L. Hernández. 1998. Descripción de aspectos productivos de postcosecha y de comercialización del ñame en Córdoba, Sucre y Bolívar. Corpoica, C.I. Turipaná, Cereté, Colombia.

Santos, B. y P. Rodríguez. 2008. Optimun in-row distances for potato minituber production. HortTechnol. 18(3), 404-405.

SAS. 1999. SAS Software. Version 9.1. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC.

Semaw, W. 2014. Effect of planting density on growth and yield of sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam] varieties in Habru district, northern Ethiopia. College of Agriculture and Environmental Science, Haramaya University, East Harerge, Etiopia.

Published

2016-07-11

How to Cite

Pérez Polo, D. J., & Campo Arana, R. O. (2016). Effect of population density on the yield of export-type white yams (Dioscorea rotundata Poir.). Revista Colombiana De Ciencias Hortícolas, 10(1), 89–98. https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2016v10i1.5072

Issue

Section

Vegetable section

Metrics