Significant Reductions in the Area in Corroded Steel and its Repercussion in Prefabricated Large-Panel Buildings
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19053/01211129.v31.n59.2022.13110Keywords:
attack penetration, corrosion velocity, diameter reduction, large panels, precast concrete, yield stressAbstract
In Santiago of Cuba, there is an architectural heritage built with the prefabricated I-464 system, popularly known as the Great Soviet Panel, with more than 50 years of use. The buildings present damages such as the corrosion of the steel in the slabs, panels and horizontal joints between them. To analyze the earthquake-resistant behavior of deteriorated buildings, it is necessary to specify the peculiarities of the steel used as reinforcement of the structural elements. Destructive testing of steel is implemented, as well as correlation of non-destructive test results with concrete, in particular ultrasonic pulse velocity, moisture, and corrosion potential. Visual inspections are also performed to identify cracking patterns, carbonation advance, and surface color. Among the main results obtained is that the quality of the steel for the 3 mm diameter bars, which make up the electro welded meshes of the panels, do not comply with the current requirements for earthquake resistant design. These bars, in addition to a yield strength higher than recommended, are smooth bars with a non-ductile behavior, since they do not have a defined elastic limit. A considerable reduction in the diameters of the corroded bars in relation to the high levels of corrosion was obtained due to the high percentages of humidity undoubtedly causing an appreciable reduction of the yield strength of these bars. It is observed that, in the elements with the highest percentages of humidity, the most negative potential values and those with the highest corrosion velocity are reached.
Downloads
References
M. Lawner, La KPD conquista León de Plata en la Bienal de Venecia, 2014. https://colegioarquitectos.com/noticias/?p=5300
N. Salinas, “KPD en imágenes: antes y después de 1973,” in Monolith controversies. H. Palmarola and P. Alonso, Germany: Hatje Cantz Verlag, 2014, pp-105-111.
Y. C. Socarrás. E. Álvarez. “Factores causantes de daños potenciales en el Gran Panel Soviético”, in VI Jornada Internacional de Ingeniería Civil, Cuba, 2019
A. Flores, M. Flores, J. Uruchurtu, “Efecto de la corrosión del concreto reforzado con adición de polvo de grafito y su evaluación en sus propiedades fisico electroquímicas,” Revista ALCONPAT, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 18-33, 2021. https://doi.org/10.21041/ra.v11i1.501
Y. C. Socarrás-Cordoví, E. González-Diaz, M. Alvarez-Deulofeu, M. González-Fernández, E. Roca-Fernández, R. Torres-Shoembert, “Valuation of the Durability of the Concrete Used in the Precast Great Soviet Panel System,” Revista Facultad de Ingeniería, vol. 29, no. 54, 2020, e10486. https://doi.org/10.19053/01211129.v29.n54.2020.10486
Y. C. Socarrás., E. González, M. Álvarez, M. González, E. Roca, “Evaluación de la calidad del hormigón en edificaciones construidas con el sistema prefabricado gran panel soviético,” Tecnología Química, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 264-277, 2020.
Norma Cubana NC.165:2002. Barras de acero para refuerzo de hormigón. Ensayos de tracción y doblado, 2002
C. Rondón, Manual de Armaduras de Refuerzo para Hormigón. Fabricación-Instalación-Protección, Chile: Gerdau AZA. S. A, 2005
Y. Du, L. Clark, A. Chan, “Effect of corrosion on ductility of reinforcing bars,” Magazine of Concrete Research, vol. 57. No. 7, pp. 407-419, 2005
R. Maspons, Prefabricación, Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba: Editorial ISJAE, 1987
Norma Cubana NC.7:2002. Barras de acero para refuerzo de hormigón. Especificaciones, 2002
Federal Emergency Management Agency, FEMA 273. NEHRP Guidelines for the Seismic Rehabilitation of Buildings, 1997
American Concrete Institute, ACI 318-19. Building code requirements for structural concrete, 2019
Z. Frómeta, Caracterización y evaluación de los aceros de refuerzo producidos por ACINOX Las Tunas para su empleo en zona sísmica, Doctoral Thesis, Universidad Tecnológica de La Habana, Cuba, 2009
Annual book of ASTM Standards, ASTM 876-91. Standard test method for half-cell potentials of uncoated reinforcing steel in concrete, 2000
R. Solís, “Predicción de la resistencia del concreto con base en la velocidad de pulso ultrasónico y un índice de calidad de los agregados,” Ingeniería, vol. 8, pp. 41-52, 2004
Proceq, Manual de operación 82039201S Datasheet, 2017. https://www.proceq.com/uploads/tx_proceqproductcms/import_data/files/Profometer_Operating%20Instructions_Spanish_high.pdf
J. Rodríguez, J. Aragoncillo, C. Andrade, D. Izquierdo, Manual de evaluación de estructuras afectadas por corrosión de la armadura, England: GEOCISA- -Instituto Eduardo Torroja (CONTECVET), 2005
S. Fernández, “Corrosión de armaduras en el hormigón armado en ambiente marino aéreo,” Ph.D. dissertation, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, España, 2016. Available: http://oa.upm.es/39374/1/
M. A. Bermúdez, Corrosión de las armaduras del hormigón armado en ambiente marino: Zona de carrera de mareas y zona sumergida, Doctoral Thesis, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain, 2007
E. Moreno, Corrosión de armaduras en estructuras de hormigón: Estudio experimental de la variación de la ductilidad en armaduras corroídas aplicando el criterio de acero equivalente, Doctoral Thesis, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Spain, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10016/5095
M.S. Darmawan, “Pitting corrosion model for reinforced concrete structures in a chloride environment,” Magazine of Concrete Research, vol. 62, no. 2, pp. 91-101, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.2008.62.2.91
C. Andrade, “Especificaciones de cálculo de la vida útil y estado límite de corrosión,” Revista ALCONPAT, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 79-97, 2013
E. Felix, T. Rodrigues, M. Correa, E. Possan, R. Carrazedo, “Análisis da vida útil de estructuras de concreto armado bajo la acción de la corrosión uniforme por medio de un modelo con RNA acoplado al MEF,” Revista ALCONPAT, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 16-29, 2018. https://doi.org/10.21041/ra.v8i1.256
A. Torres, Y. Hernández, O. Trocónis, S. Delgado, J. Rodríguez, “Agrietamiento de vigas de concreto por corrosión del acero de refuerzo cuando se les aplica una carga externa permanente,” Notas, vol. 109, e2, 2007
A. Torres, M. Martínez, A. Muñoz. “Capacidad remanente en vigas de hormigón que presentan corrosión localizada en el acero de refuerzo,” Materiales de Construcción, vol. 53, no. 271, pp. 125-133, 2003
Y. C. Socarrás, Procedimiento para la evaluación de daños sísmicos potenciales en el sistema prefabricado Gran Panel Soviético, Doctoral Thesis, Universidad de Oriente, Cuba, 2020
M. García, M. Alonso, C. Andrade, J. Rodríguez, “Influencia de la corrosión en las propiedades mecánicas del acero,” Hormigón y Acero, vol. 210, pp. 11-21, 1998
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Yamila-Concepción Socarrás-Cordoví, Liliana González-Díaz, Eduardo-Rafael Álvarez-Deulofeu
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
All articles included in the Revista Facultad de Ingeniería are published under the Creative Commons (BY) license.
Authors must complete, sign, and submit the Review and Publication Authorization Form of the manuscript provided by the Journal; this form should contain all the originality and copyright information of the manuscript.
The authors who publish in this Journal accept the following conditions:
a. The authors retain the copyright and transfer the right of the first publication to the journal, with the work registered under the Creative Commons attribution license, which allows third parties to use what is published as long as they mention the authorship of the work and the first publication in this Journal.
b. Authors can make other independent and additional contractual agreements for the non-exclusive distribution of the version of the article published in this journal (eg, include it in an institutional repository or publish it in a book) provided they clearly indicate that the work It was first published in this Journal.
c. Authors are allowed and recommended to publish their work on the Internet (for example on institutional or personal pages) before and during the process.
review and publication, as it can lead to productive exchanges and a greater and faster dissemination of published work.
d. The Journal authorizes the total or partial reproduction of the content of the publication, as long as the source is cited, that is, the name of the Journal, name of the author (s), year, volume, publication number and pages of the article.
e. The ideas and statements issued by the authors are their responsibility and in no case bind the Journal.
