Ir al menú de navegación principal Ir al contenido principal Ir al pie de página del sitio

Propiedades mecánicas bajo compresión y resistencia al desgaste abrasivo de piezas gruesas de caucho acrilonitrilo

Resumen

Se estudió la variación de las propiedades mecánicas bajo compresión uniaxial y el desgaste abrasivo en la sección transversal de piezas gruesas de caucho acrilonitrilo (NBR) reforzadas con negro de humo, teniendo en consideración que en este tipo de piezas las propiedades obtenidas durante la vulcanización no son homogéneas, debido a la baja difusividad térmica de los cauchos. Se realizaron ensayos de desgaste abrasivo en seco, buscando identificar la relación entre la resistencia al desgaste abrasivo y las propiedades mecánicas en compresión, como el módulo elástico y la dureza. Se evaluaron muestras en estado de entrega tras el proceso de vulcanización, luego expuestas al ambiente durante tres meses y, posteriormente, envejecidas en una cámara UV. El envejecimiento ambiental rigidiza los materiales estudiados, pero disminuye la resistencia al desgaste del material proveniente del núcleo de las piezas. El envejecimiento UV disminuyó el módulo elástico, pero su efecto sobre la resistencia al desgaste depende del estado de envejecimiento previo. La dureza no presentó una relación directa ni con el módulo elástico ni con la resistencia al desgaste, por lo cual no puede usarse como propiedad para la selección de cauchos NBR sometidos a desgaste abrasivo. La información obtenida permite generar criterios para el diseño de componentes basados en este tipo de cauchos.

Palabras clave

Caucho NBR, Pruebas de compresión uniaxial, Desgaste abrasivo

PDF HTML

Referencias

  • Z. Cao, D. Wang, C. Cong, Y. Wang and Q. Zhou, “Dependence of abrasion behavior on cross-linked heterogeneity in unfilled nitrile rubber”, Tribology International, vol. 69, pp. 141-149, 2014.
  • B. Likozar and Z. Major, “Morphology, mechanical, cross-linking, thermal, and tribological properties of nitrile and hydrogenated nitrile rubber/multi-walled carbon nanotubes composites prepared by melt compounding: The effect of acrylonitrile content and hydrogenation”, Applied Surface Science, vol. 257, Issue 2,pp. 565-573, Nov. 2010.
  • J. Degrange, M. Thomine, P. Kapsa, J. Pelletier, L. Chazeau, G. Vigier, G. Dudragne and L. Guerbé, “Influence of viscoelasticity on the tribological behaviour of carbon black filled nitrile rubber (NBR) for lip seal application”, Wear, vol. 259, no. 1-6, pp. 684-692, Jul. 2005.
  • W. Molnar, M. Varga, P. Braun, K. Adam and E. Badisch, “Correlation of rubber based conveyor belt properties and abrasive wear rates under 2- and 3-body conditions”,Wear, Volume 320, pp. 1-6, December 2014.
  • J. Yamabe and S. Nishimura, “Influence of fillers on hydrogen penetration properties and blister fracture of rubber composites for O-ring exposed to high-pressure hydrogen gas”, International Journal on Hydrogen Energy, no. 34, pp. 1977-1989, 2009.
  • P. Morrell, M. Patel and A.Skinner, “Accelerated thermal ageing studies on nitrile rubber O-rings”, Polymer Testing, no. 22,pp. 651-656, 2003.
  • D. Higgins, B. Marmo, C. Jeffree, V. Koutsos and J. Blackford, “Morphology of ice wear from rubber-ice friction tests and its dependence on temperature and sliding velocity”, Wear, no. 265,pp. 634-644,2008.
  • K. El-Nemr, “Effect of different curing systems on the mechanical and physico-chemical properties of acrylonitrile butadiene rubber vulcanizates”, Materials & Design, vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 3361–3369, Jun. 2011
  • K. Pal, S. Pal, C. Das and J. Kim, “Relationship between normal load and dynamic coefficient of friction on rock-rubber wear mechanism”, Materials & Design, vol. 31, no. 10, pp. 4792-4799, Dec. 2010.
  • A. Mostafa, A. Abouel-Kasem, M. Bayoumi, and M. El-Sebaie, “Insight into the effect of CB loading on tension, compression, hardness and abrasion properties of SBR and NBR filled compounds”,Materials& Design, vol. 30, no. 5, pp. 1785-1791, May 2009.
  • K. Pal, T. Das, R. Rajasekar, S. Pal, Chapal K. Das, “Wear characteristics of styrene butadiene rubber/natural rubber blends with varying carbon blacks by DIN abrader and mining rock surfaces”, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, vol. 111, pp. 348-357,2009.
  • M. Garbarczyk, W. Kuhn, J. Klinowski and S. Jurga, “Characterization of aged nitrile rubber elastomers by NMR Spectroscopy and microimaging”, Polymer, vol.43, pp. 3169-3172, 2002.
  • P. Budrugeac, E. Segal and S. Ciutacu, “Termooxidative degradation of nitrile butadiene rubber”, Journal of Thermal Analysis, vol. 37, pp. 1179-1191,1991.
  • F. Delor-Jestin, N. Barrois-Oudin, C. Cardinet, J. Lacoste and J. Lemaire, “Thermal ageing of acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer”, Polymer Degradation and Stability, vol. 70, no. 1, pp. 1-4, 2000.
  • J. Baldwin, D. Bauer and K. Ellwood, “Accelerated aging of tires, Part II”, Rubber Chemistry and Technology, vol. 78, pp. 336-353, May 2005.
  • H. Katoh, R. Kamoto and J. Murata, “Degradation analysis of NBR and epichlorohydrin rubber by new micro analysis method”, e-Journal of Soft Materials, vol. 2,pp. 20-24, 2006.
  • R. Yang, J. Zhao and Y. Liu, “Oxidative degradation products analysis of polymer materials by pyrolysis gas chromatography–mass spectrometry”, Polymer Degradation and Stability, vol. 98, no. 12, pp. 2466-2472,Dec. 2013.
  • S. Patcharaphun, W. Chookaew and T. Tungkeunkunt, “Influence of thermal and oil aging on weldline strength of NR/EPDM and NR/NBR blends”, Kasetsart Journal: Natural Science, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 909-916, 2011.
  • D. Bielinski, D. Pieczynska, U. Ostaszewska and J. Jagielski, “Modification of rubber by ion bombardment”, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, vol. 282, no. 1,pp. 141-144, July 2012.
  • A. Gent and W. Mars,“ Strength of Elastomers”, The Science and Technology of Rubber, New York, NY, USA: Academic Press, pp. 473-516, 2013.
  • ISO, “ISO 4649: Rubber,vulcanizedor thermoplastic – determination of abrasion resistance using arotating cylindrical drumdevice”, 2002.
  • D. Allsopp, R. Trezona, I. Hutchings, “The effects of ball surface condition in the microscale abrasive weartest”, Tribology Letter,vol. 5, pp 259-64,1998.
  • Y. Guo, J. Wang, K. Li and X. Ding, “Tribological properties and morphology of bimodal elastomeric nitrilebutadiene rubber networks”, Materials& Design, vol.52, pp. 861-869, 2013.
  • E. Euchler, O. Kratina, R. StoIek, M. Gehde, “A study of correlation between crack initiation during dynamic wear process and fatigue crack growth of reinforced rubber materials”, European Symposium on Friction, Wear, and Wear Protection, Karlsruhe, Germany, Conference Papers in Science,2015.
  • B. Wang, J. Hua, and Y. Ping, “Application of artificial neural network in prediction of abrasion of rubber composites”, Mater. Des., vol. 49, pp. 802-807, 2013.
  • S. Rios, R. Chicurel, and L. Del Castillo, “Potential of particle and fibre reinforcement of tyre tread elastomer”, Materials & Design, o. 22, pp. 369-374, 2001.
  • N. Viswanath, D. Bellow, “Development of an equation for the wear of polymers”, Wear, vol. 181-183,part I, pp. 42-49, 1995.
  • S. Nozu, H. Tsuji and K. Onishi, “A prediction model for rubber curing process”, Heat Transfer - Engineering Applications, Croatia: Vyacheslav Vikhrenko (Ed.), In Tech, pp. 151-170, 2011.
  • G. Petitet, J. Loubet, H. Zahouani and D. Mazuyer, “A contribution to the understanding of elementary wear mechanisms of rubber filled compounds”, Rubber Chemistry and Technology, vol. 78, pp. 312-320,2005.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.