Representación y estimación del coeficiente de potencia en sistemas de conversión de energía eólica
Resumen
Este artículo presenta un resumen de diversos métodos utilizados para la representación y estimación del coeficiente de potencia en aerogeneradores, tales como modelos exponenciales, sinusoidales y polinomiales, así como también de herramientas matemáticas conocidas como observadores de estado. Dada la escasez de estudios que le presenten al lector un panorama general de los modelos utilizados para el cálculo del coeficiente de potencia, este resumen, producto de una revisión bibliográfica exhaustiva, constituye un aporte importante. Otra contribución que se logró fue presentar propuestas propias de modelos que pueden ser utilizados satisfactoriamente para diversos análisis de sistemas de conversión de energía eólica, tales como la representación por una función polinomial de cuarto grado y los modelos basados en la función de probabilidad estocástica. La relevancia de este trabajo se apoya en las ventajas y desventajas de los diversos modelos y estimadores del coeficiente de potencia, las cuales se presentan al final del artículo en una tabla comparativa, con el propósito de ofrecer al lector un resumen general que le permita una comprensión rápida y sintetizada de los diversos modelos y representaciones del coeficiente de potencia, lo que ayuda a investigadores, estudiantes, profesores universitarios y a quienes deseen incursionar en este campo, aunque no tengan mucha experiencia.
Palabras clave
coeficiente de potencia, conversión de energía, eficiencia energética, energía eólica, estimación de estado
Citas
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