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Vol. 18 No. 2 (2024)
In press / En imprenta

Section on aromatic, medicinal and spice plants

Acaricidal and larvicidal activity of Piper marginatum and Piper tuberculatum essential oils from Ecuador

https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2024v18i2.17363

Published 2024-05-26

  • Shirley Madeleine Moncayo-Baño
    • ,
  • María Eugenia Rondón-Rivas
    • ,
  • Francisco Xavier Cornejo-Sotomayor

Shirley Madeleine Moncayo-Baño
Universidad Agraria del Ecuador, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Carrera Agroindustria, Guayaquil (Ecuador)

María Eugenia Rondón-Rivas
Universidad de Los Andes, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioanálisis, Cátedra de Farmacognosia, Merida (Venezuela)

Francisco Xavier Cornejo-Sotomayor
Universidad de Guayaquil, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Herbario GUAY, Guayaquil (Ecuador)

Larvae of A. aegypty and R. microplus after treatment with essential oils of P. marginatum (top) and P. tuberculatum (bottom). Photo: S.M. Moncayo-Baño

Abstract

Piper marginatum and Piper tuberculatum are species used by local indigenous, people who live especially in eastern Ecuador, for their insecticidal properties. This study aimed to determine the acaricidal and larvicidal activity of the essential oil of these species. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation. The acaricidal activity was evaluated with the contact toxicity method against larvae of the tick Rhipicephalus microplus. Larvicidal activity was determined against Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae following WHO recommended guidelines. The essential oils of P. marginatum and P. tuberculatum showed an acaricidal potential with LC50 of 0.90 and 0.73 µL mL-1, respectively. In addition, excellent larvicidal activity was obtained with LC50 of 11.87 µL mL-1 (P. marginatum) and 8.42 µL mL-1 (P. tuberculatum) at 48 hours of evaluation. This is the first report of the acaricidal activity of P. marginatum and P. tuberculatum essential oils against Rhipicephalus microplus tick larvae. The results indicate that essential oils could be a natural alternative for the controlling these pests and would justify their ethnobotanical applications as a lice and tick repellent.

Keywords

Piper, Larvae, Rhipicephalus microplus, Aedes aegypti, Ethnobotanical

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