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Vol. 5 Núm. 2 (2020)
Salud y Sociedad Uptc volumen 5 número 2 2020

Artículos de Revisión

Miocardiopatía periparto

Publicado 22-10-2020

  • Laura Daniela Cárdenas Casallas
    • ,
  • Amanecer Rueda Monsalbe
    • ,
  • Diego Andrés Castañeda Martínez
    • ,
  • Erika Eliana Pinilla Romero

Laura Daniela Cárdenas Casallas
Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia. Escuela de Medicina. Estudiante de IX semestre.

Amanecer Rueda Monsalbe
Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia. Escuela de Medicina. Estudiante de IX semestre.

Diego Andrés Castañeda Martínez
Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia. Escuela de Medicina. Estudiante de IX semestre.

Erika Eliana Pinilla Romero
Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia. Escuela de Medicina. Estudiante de IX semestre.

Resumen

La miocardiopatía periparto (PPCM) es una cardiopatía dilatada, rara, de origen desconocido y potencialmente mortal, para la cual se han postulado diversas hipótesis para explicar su génesis, dentro de los cuales estan la miocarditis viral, la respuesta inmune y el estrés hemodinámico propios del embarazo, entre otros. Suele debutar con manifestaciones clínicas de insuficiencia cardíaca, las cuales aparecen durante el último mes del embarazo o los cinco meses posparto. En cuanto al diagnóstico se considera difícil de llevar a cabo, a raíz de la cantidad de enfermedades que tienen las mismas características clínicas y considerando que otras entidades se pueden sobreponer a esta, por dicha razón se considera un diagnóstico de exclusión, razón por la cual, su abordaje diagnóstico implica la realización de una historia completa, cuyos hallazgos se apoyen en examenes paraclínicos que permitan descartar otras posibles etiologías que puedan explicar la afectación a la salud de la gestante. Otro aspecto de particular importancia engloba a las consideraciones terapéuticas, para lo cual es necesario tener en mente esquemas que tengan como objetivo lograr la mejor calidad de vida tanto para la mujer embarazada como el posparto como para el producto de la gestación. El objetivo del presente artículo de revisión es presentar información actualizada sobre esta patología, incluyendo aspectos como su epidemiología, factores de riesgo, manifestaciones clínicas, abordaje diagnóstico y medidas terapéuticas farmacológicas y de soporte vital.

Palabras clave

miocardiopatia peripato, embarazo, insuficiencia cardíaca

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Citas

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