Análisis De Las Aplicaciones De La Microalga Botryococcus Braunii En Procesos Industriales
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Resumen
Las microalgas y cianobacterias son la nueva plataforma biotecnológica par la producción de diversos metabolitos de interés industrial como carbohidratos, proteínas, lípidos, carotenoides e incluso metabolitos menos comunes como lo son los hidrocarburos y los exopolisacaridos. Una de las especies con la capacidad de producir un amplio espectro de metabolitos es Botryococcus braunii. Esta alga verde colonial posee la peculiaridad de sintetizar hidrocarburos, Exopolisacáridos y otros metabolitos. La presente contribución presenta un panorama bibliométrico de la investigación mundial sobre la producción de B. braunii y sus principales metabolitos de interés para procesos industriales. Los datos de publicaciones científicas durante los últimos 21 años (2000-2021) se obtuvieron de la base de datos SCOPUS© y se filtraron mediante una estrategia de búsqueda sistemática. A partir del análisis se obtuvo un total de 675 documentos científicos enfocados en el aislamiento, producción y mejoramiento de cepas pertenecientes a la especie Botryococcus braunii. De acuerdo con la información obtenida la mayor cantidad de trabajos publicados se han enfocado en la producción y mejoramiento de hidrocarburos tanto para la obtención de biocombustibles. Los principales países que mas han aportado a la investigación de esta especie son Estados Unidos, Japón, China e India; Sin embargo países con alta concentración de biodiversidad como Colombia presentan pocos trabajos con cepas aisladas dentro del territorio nacional. Este análisis bibliométrico permite evidenciar el alto grado de desarrollo obtenido en los últimos 20 años para generar plataformas biotecnológicas para la obtención de. nuevas materias primas para diferentes sectores industriales.
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