Production of building elements based on alkali-activated red clay brick waste
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Robayo-Salazar, R., Mejía de Gutiérrez, R., & Mulford-Carvajal, A. (2016). Production of building elements based on alkali-activated red clay brick waste. Revista Facultad De Ingeniería, 25(43), 21-30. https://doi.org/10.19053/01211129.v25.n43.2016.5294
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Autores
Rafael Andres Robayo-SalazarRuby Mejía de Gutiérrez
Alexandra Jimena Mulford-Carvajal
Abstract
This paper analyzes the feasibility of reusing a red clay brick waste (RCBW) in order to produce building elements such as blocks, pavers and tiles, by using the technique of alkaline activation. The production of these building elements was based on the design of a hybrid mortar with 48.61 MPa of compressive strength, at 28 curing days at room temperature (25 °C). The hybrid mortar was synthesized by adding 10% by weight of Portland cement (OPC) to the RCBW, Red Clay Brick Waste. As alkaline activators were used commercial industrial grade sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3). Building elements were physically and mechanically characterized, according to Colombian Technical Standards (NTC). This technology process is presented as an alternative for the reuse of RCBW and its contribution to the environmental sustainability.
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References
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[2] F. Pacheco-Torgal et al., Eco-efficient Masonry Bricks and Blocks, Design, Properties and Durability, Cap 1. “Introduction to eco-efficient masonry bricks and blocks”, pp. 1-10, 2014.
[3] F. Pacheco-Torgal and S. Jalali, “Reusing ceramics waste in concrete,” Construct. Build. Mater., vol. 24 (5), pp. 832-838, May. 2010. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2009.10.023.
[4] L. Reig et al., “Properties and microstructure of alkali-activated red clay brick waste,” Construct. Build. Mater., vol. 43, pp. 98-106, Jun. 2013. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.01.031.
[5]. J. Xiao et al., “An overview of study on recycled aggregate concrete in China (1996-2011),” Construct. Build. Mater., vol. 31, pp. 364-383, Jun. 2012. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.12.074.
[6] H. Yuan et al., “A dynamic model for assessing the effects of management strategies on the reduction of construction and demolition waste,” Waste Management, vol. 32 (3), pp. 521-531, Mar. 2012. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2011.11.006.
[7] European Commission, “Resource Efficient Use of Mixed Wastes; Environment, Waste, Studies,” 2015. Disponible en: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/waste/studies/mixed_waste.htm.
[8] M. Bravo et al., “Mechanical performance of concrete made with aggregates from construction and demolition waste recycling plants,” J. Clean. Prod., vol. 99, pp. 59-74, 2015. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.03.012.
[9] A. Chávez, N. Guarín, and M. C. Cortés, “Determinación de propiedades físico-químicas de los materiales agregados en muestra de escombros en la ciudad de Bogotá,” Revista Ingenierías Universidad de Medellín, vol. 12 (22), pp. 45-58, 2013.
[10] N. L. Guarín et al., “Estudio comparativo en la gestión de residuos de construcción y demolición en Brasil y Colombia,” Revista Gestión Integral en Ingeniería Neogranadina, vol. 3 (2), pp. 14, 2011.
[11] J. Castaño et al., “Gestión de residuos de construcción y demolición (RCD) en Bogotá: Perspectivas y limitantes,” Revista Tecnura, vol. 38 (17), pp. 121-129, 2013.
[12] R. Robayo et al., “Los residuos de la construcción y demolición en la ciudad de Cali: un análisis hacia su gestión, manejo y aprovechamiento,” Revista Tecnura, vol 19 (44), pp. 157-170, 2015.
[13] F. Puertas et al., “Residuos cerámicos para su posible uso como materia prima en la fabricación de Clinker de cemento portland: Caracterización y activación alcalina,” Mater. Construcc., vol. 56 (281), pp. 7-84, 2006.
[14] A. Allahverdi and E. N. Kani, “Construction waste as raw materials for geopolymer binders,” Int. J. Civ. Struct. Eng., vol. 7 (3), pp. 154-160, 2009.
[15] A. Allahverdi and E. N. Kani, “Use of construction and demolition waste (CDW) for alkali-activated or geopolymer cements,” Handbook of recycled concrete and demolition waste. Woodhead Publishing Series in Civil and Structural Engineering, Capítulo 18, pp. 439-475, 2013. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1533/9780857096906.3.439.
[16] Z. Sun et al., “Synthesis and thermal behavior of geopolymer-type material from waste ceramic,” Construct. Build. Mater., vol. 49, pp. 281-287, Dec. 2013. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.08.063.
[17] K. Komnitsas et al., “Effect of synthesis parameters on the quality of construction and demolition wastes (CDW) geopolymers,” Adv. Powder Technol., vol. 26 (2), pp. 368-376, Mar. 2015. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2014.11.012.
[18] Grupo Materiales Compuestos (GMC). Universidad del Valle, Cali-Colombia. Disponible en: http://investigaciongmc.univalle.edu.co/index.html.
[19] Norma técnica colombiana (NTC 2017), “Adoquines de concreto para pavimentos,” Bogotá, Icontec, 2004.
[20] Norma técnica colombiana (NTC 2086), “Tejas de arcilla,” Bogotá, Icontec, 1996.
[21] Norma técnica colombiana (NTC 4024), “Muestreo y ensayo de prefabricados de concreto reforzados y vibrocompactados,” Bogotá, Icontec, 2001.
[22] Norma técnica colombiana (NTC 4026), “Unidades de concreto (bloques y ladrillos), para mampostería estructural,” Bogotá, Icontec, 1997.
[23] Norma técnica colombiana (NTC 220), “Determinación de la resistencia de morteros de cemento hidráulico usando cubos de 50 mm o 50,8 mm de lado,” Bogotá, Icontec, 2004.
[24] Norma técnica colombiana (NTC 118), “Método de ensayo para determinar el tiempo de fraguado del cemento hidráulico mediante el aparato de Vicat,” Bogotá, Icontec, 2004.
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