Paratuberculosis bovina, revisión de literatura
- Alejandra Buitrago-López
, - Sandra Castro-Forero,
- Mónica Fernández-Jiménez,
- Martín Pulido-Medellín
Resumen
La paratuberculosis bovina (PTB) es una enfermedad crónica causada por el bacilo Mycobacterium avium subespecie paratuberculosis (MAP). Tiene distribución a nivel mundial y genera pérdidas económicas para los productores por el bajo rendimiento productivo de los animales y el amplio periodo de incubación, en el cual es excretada a través de la materia fecal sin signos clínicos. Así mismo, se reporta que los animales más susceptibles de contraer la enfermedad son los terneros. Entre los métodos de diagnóstico utilizados para la MAP, están PCR, ELISA, cultivo bacteriano de materia fecal, el examen para detección de MAP en muestras de tejido y la prueba de hipersensibilidad cutánea retardada Johnina intradérmica. La MAP es una bacteria con posible potencial zoonótico por su relación con la enfermedad de Crohn. Debido a que no hay tratamiento para la PTB, se deben intensificar los mecanismos de control en las producciones.
Palabras clave
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, rumiantes, epidemiología, diagnóstico, prevención y control
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