CORRELACIÓN ENTRE ÍNDICE DE RESISTENCIA RENAL E INDICADORES RENALES EN GATOS ADULTOS
Resumen
La medición del índice de resistencia renal (IR) mediante ecografía Doppler es una técnica común para detectar problemas en el sistema vascular renal. A pesar de su aplicación previa en felinos sanos y con enfermedad renal, su utilidad clínica es incierta. Este estudio buscó correlacionar el IR con marcadores renales (creatinina, BUN/urea y densidad urinaria) en gatos adultos sanos. Se utilizaron 18 gatos mayores de 5 años de Bogotá y Zipaquirá, Colombia, en un estudio descriptivo. Se tomaron muestras de sangre periférica y se midieron BUN, urea y creatinina sérica. Se utilizó el análisis de color espectral Doppler para medir el flujo arterial renal. Los datos se analizaron con el software R® (nivel de confianza del 95%). Los valores promedio obtenidos fueron: creatinina 1,14 ± 0,3 mg/dl, BUN 32,60 ± 6,9 mg/dl, urea 64,10 ± 17,64 mg/dl, densidad urinaria 1052 ± 74,98 e IR 0,69 ± 0,071. Hubo una correlación positiva y estadísticamente significativa (P <0,05) entre la densidad de la orina y el IR. Este estudio proporciona información sobre los valores de IR y su relación con marcadores renales en gatos sanos, lo que podría ser útil como herramienta diagnóstica para comparar con gatos con enfermedades renales y ayudar en la implementación de tratamientos oportunos.
Palabras clave
resistencia, renal, creatinina, , urea, gatos, Doppler flujometría, ultrasonido,, riñón
Citas
- Azizi F, Masouleh MN, Rafie SM, Asghari A, Bokaie S. Effects of medetomidine on intra-renal arteries resistive and pulsatility indices in clinically normal adult domestic shorthair cats. Vet Res Forum. 2018;9:137-143.
- Boddi M, Natucci F and Ciani E. The internist and the renal resistive index: truths and doubts. Intern Emerg Med 2015; 10: 893–905.
- Böswald, L. F., Kienzle, E., & Dobenecker, B. (2018). Observation about phosphorus and protein supply in cats and dogs prior to the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease. Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition, 102 Suppl 1, 31–36. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.12886
- Bragato N, Borges NC, Fioravanti MCS. B-mode and Doppler ultrasound of chronic kidney disease in dogs and cats. Vet Res Commun. 2017;41:307-315.
- Bragato, N., Borges, N. C., & Fioravanti, M. C. S. (2017). B-mode and Doppler ultrasound of chronic kidney disease in dogs and cats. Veterinary research communications, 41(4), 307–315. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-017-9694-9
- Cauwenberghs N, Kuznetsova T. Determinants and prognostic signifi cance of the renal resistive index. Pulse. 2015;3:172-178
- Evangelista GCL, Viana AGA, Neves MM, Reis ECC. Resistivity and pulsatility indexes in feline kidney disease: a systematic review. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2022 May;63(3):306-318. doi: 10.1111/vru.13102.
- Evangelista, G. C., Dornelas, L. R., Cintra, C. C., Valente, F. L., Favarato, E. S., da Fonseca, L. A., & Reis, E. C. (2023). Evaluating feline lower urinary tract disease: Doppler ultrasound of the kidneys. Journal of feline medicine and surgery, 25(1), 1098612X221145477. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098612X221145477
- Garcia Merino, E., Borrego, F., & Polania, M.-,. G. (2021). El índice de resistencia vascular renal no tiene implicaciones pronósticas en el trasplante renal. Nefrologia, 69-87.doi: 10.1016/j.nefro.2019.12.003
- González Castillo, L. F., Sanmiguel Plazas, R. A. (2018). Acercamiento a la enfermedad renal crónica en caninos y felinos geriátricos. Ciencia y Agricultura, 15(2), 71-81. DOI: http://doi.org/10.19053/01228420.v15.n2.2018.8397.
- Granata A, Zanoli L, Clementi S, et al. Resistive intrarenal index: myth or reality? Br J Radiol 2014; 87. DOI: 10.1259/ bjr.20140004.
- Gunn-Moore DA. Feline lower urinary tract disease. J Feline Med Surg 2003; 5: 133-138.
- Haitsma Mulier JLG, Rozemeijer S, Röttgering JG, et al. Renal resistive index as an early predictor and discriminator of acute kidney injury in critically ill patients; a prospective observational cohort study. PLoS One 2018; 13: e0197967. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197967.
- Hall, J. A., Yerramilli, M., Obare, E., Yerramilli, M., & Jewell, D. E. (2014). Comparison of serum concentrations of symmetric dimethylarginine and creatinine as kidney function biomarkers in cats with chronic kidney disease. Journal of veterinary internal medicine, 28(6), 1676–1683. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.12445
- Hokamp, J. A., & Nabity, M. B. (2016). Renal biomarkers in domestic species. Veterinary clinical pathology, 45(1), 28–56. https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.12333
- Hostutler RA, Chew DJ and Dibartola SP. Recent concepts in feline lower urinary tract disease. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2005; 35: 147–170.
- Kongtasai, T., Paepe, D., Meyer, E., Mortier, F., Marynissen, S., Stammeleer, L., Defauw, P., & Daminet, S. (2022). Renal biomarkers in cats: A review of the current status in chronic kidney disease. Journal of veterinary internal medicine, 36(2), 379–396. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16377
- Lisciandro, G. (2016). Técnicas de ecografía enfocada para el veterinario de pequeños animales. Buenos Aires: INTER-médica.
- Little SE. The lower urinary tract. In: Little SE. The cat – clinical medicine and management. St Louis, MO: Elsevier, 2012, pp 980–1013.
- Macrì F, Pugliese M, Di Pietro S, et al. Doppler ultrasono graphic estimation of renal resistive index in horse: comparison between left and right kidneys. J Equine Vet Sci 2015; 35: 111–115.
- Matos I, Azevedo P and Carreira LM. Pilot study to evaluate the potential use of the renal resistive index as a preliminary diagnostic tool for chronic kidney disease in cats. J Feline Med Surg 2017; 20: 940–947.
- Mendivelso, F. (2022). Prueba no paramétrica de correlación de Spearman. Revista Médica Sanitas, 24(1). https://doi.org/10.26852/01234250.578
- Michel-Regalado, N. G., Ayala-Valdovinos, M. A., Galindo-García, J., Duifhuis-Rivera, T., & Virgen-Méndez, A. (2022). Prevalence of polycystic kidney disease in Persian and Persian-related cats in western Mexico. Journal of feline medicine and surgery, 24(12), 1305–1308. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098612X221114043
- Morrow KL, Salman MD, Lappin MR, et al. Comparison of the resistive index to clinical parameters in dogs with renal disease. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 1996; 37: 193–199.
- Novellas R, de Gopegui RR, Espada Y. Assessment of renal vascular resistance and blood pressure in dogs and cats with renal disease. Vet Rec. 2010;166:618-623.
- Novellas R, Espada Y, de Gopegui RR. Doppler ultrasonographic esti mation of renal and ocular resistive and pulsatility indices in normal dogs and cats. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2007;48:69-73.
- Nyland TG, Fisher PE, Doverspike M, et al. Diagnosis of urinary tract obstruction in dogs using duplex Doppler ultrasonography. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 1993; 34: 348–352.
- Park IC, Lee HS, Kim JT, Nam SJ, Choi R, Oh KS, Son CH, Hyun C. Ultrasonographic evaluation of renal dimension and resistive index in clinically healthy Korean domestic short-hair cats. J Vet Sci. 2008 Dec;9(4):415-9. doi: 10.4142/jvs.2008.9.4.415.
- Pérez-López, L., Boronat, M., Melián, C., Saavedra, P., Brito-Casillas, Y., WägneR. A. (2019). Assessment of the association between diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease in adult cats. J Vet Intern Med. 33(5):1921-1925. doi: 10.1111/jvim.15559.
- Platt JF, Rubin JM, Ellis JH, et al. Duplex Doppler US of the kidney: differentiation of obstructive from nonobstructive dilatation. Radiology 1989; 171: 515–517.
- R Core Team (2020). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. URL https://www.R-project.org/.
- Radermacher J, Ellis S and Haller H. Renal resistance index and progression of renal disease. Hypertension 2002; 39: 699–703.
- Rivers BJ, Walter PA, Polzin DJ, et al. Duplex Doppler estimation of intrarenal Pourcelot resistive index in dogs and cats with renal disease. J Vet Intern Med 1997; 11: 250–260.
- Schiemann U, Kaiser H, Götzberger M, et al. Determination of intrarenal resistance index (RI) in patients with multiple myeloma. Eur J Med Res 2010; 15: 210–213.
- Siwinska N, Zak A, Slowikowska M, et al. Renal resistive index as a potential indicator of acute kidney injury in horses. J Equine Vet Sci 2021; 103. DOI: 10.1016/ j.jevs.2021.103662.
- Tipisca, V., Murino, C., Cortese, L., Mennonna, G., Auletta, L., Vulpe, V., & Meomartino, L. (2016). Resistive index for kidney evaluation in normal and diseased cats. Journal of feline medicine and surgery, 18(6), 471–475. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098612X15587573