Impacto del uso de antimicrobianos en medicina veterinaria
- Jenny Carolina Hernández-Barrera ,
- Maritza Angarita-Merchán
, - Carlos Fernando Prada-Quiroga
Resumen
Actualmente, la resistencia a los antimicrobianos es de gran interés a nivel mundial, debido a su impacto en la salud animal y humana y en la contaminación ambiental y a su costo económico. Se presentan diversos datos sobre la utilización de antibacterianos en la explotación pecuaria; sobre el porcentaje de antibacterianos detectados en el estiércol o en la orina animal, el tiempo que tarda en su degradación en el ambiente y la consecuente contaminación de varios ambientes, y sobre el impacto en la fauna salvaje. Se han descrito diferentes hipótesis sobre la resistencia a antimicrobianos, pero actualmente existen evidencias que indican que la utilización desmesurada de los antibacterianos en la medicina humana y la producción pecuaria es el factor determinante para el desarrollo de dicho mecanismo en los microorganismos.
Palabras clave
contaminación de alimentos, farmacorresistencia bacteriana, medicina veterinaria, profilaxis antibiótica
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