Efecto de la disminución de N total y aumento de NH4+ en la fórmula de fertirriego en el cultivo de clavel

Adriana del P. Baracaldo; Manfreed C. Díaz; Víctor J. Flórez; Carlos A. González

doi:10.17584/rcch.2018v12i3.8062

Authors

Adriana del P. Baracaldo Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Departamento de Agronomía, Bogotá https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7947-3510
Manfreed C. Díaz Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Departamento de Agronomía, Bogotá https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1767-3039
Víctor J. Flórez Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Departamento de Agronomía, Bogotá https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3081-2400
Carlos A. González Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ingeniería, Departamento de Ingeniería Civil y Agrícola, Bogotá https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2920-8425

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2018v12i3.8062

Keywords:

Dianthus caryophyllus L., Cut flower, Soilless crop system, Ammonium:nitrate ratio, Leachate

Abstract

An alternative to nitrogen leaching in the cultivation of cut flowers is the optimization of the fertigation formula. In order to study the reduction of total nitrogen and the increase in the proportion of ammonium in the NH₄⁺:NO₃^- ratio, two concentrations of total nitrogen were evaluated under greenhouse conditions (200-140 mg L^-1 in the vegetative phase and 160-112 mg L^-1 in the productive phase), along with three NH₄:NO₃^- ratios (5:95, 15:85 and 25:75) in standard carnation cv. Don Pedro grown on substrate. The elementary contents of the plant tissue, the pH and the nitrate concentration in the leachate were determined at three times during the cultivation. Higher concentrations of Zn and Cu were observed in the plant tissue with the decrease in the total N; likewise, increases of N and Zn and a decrease of Mg were obtained with the increase in NH₄⁺, which in turn decreased the pH in the substrate. The decrease in the total N did not significantly affect the content of N in the plant tissue, but did significantly affect the content of NO₃^- and total N in the leachate.

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