Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer

Vol. 21 No. 1 (2024)
Ciencia y Agricultura

PAPERS

CORRELATION BETWEEN RENAL RESISTANCE INDEX AND RENAL INDICATORS IN ADULT CATS

Published 2024-07-18 — Updated on 2024-07-19

  • MELISA DANIELA MUNEVAR ROMERO
    • ,
  • Álvaro Andrés Sanchez Russi
    • ,
  • Mario Hernando Leal Mojica
    • ,
  • Ricardo Céspedes Quintero

MELISA DANIELA MUNEVAR ROMERO
autor

Álvaro Andrés Sanchez Russi


Mario Hernando Leal Mojica


Ricardo Céspedes Quintero


Abstract

Measurement of the renal resistance index (RI) by Doppler ultrasound is a common technique to detect problems in the renal vascular system. Despite its previous application in healthy felines with renal disease, its clinical utility is uncertain. This study sought to correlate IR with renal markers (creatinine, BUN/urea and urinary density) in healthy adult cats. Eighteen cats older than 5 years from Bogotá and Zipaquirá, Colombia, were used in a descriptive study. Peripheral blood samples were collected and serum BUN, urea and creatinine were measured. Doppler spectral color analysis was used to measure renal arterial flow. Data were analyzed with R® software (95% confidence level). The mean values obtained were: creatinine 1.14 ± 0.3 mg/dl, BUN 32.60 ± 6.9 mg/dl, urea 64.10 ± 17.64 mg/dl, urinary density 1052 ± 74.98 and IR 0.69 ± 0.071. There was a positive and statistically significant (P <0.05) correlation between urine density and IR. This study provides information on IR values and their relationship with renal markers in healthy cats, which could be useful as a diagnostic tool to compare with cats with renal disease and aid in the implementation of timely treatments

Keywords

resistance, renal, creatinine, urea, cats, Doppler fluxometry, , ultrasond, kidney

Preliminar

References

  1. Azizi F, Masouleh MN, Rafie SM, Asghari A, Bokaie S. Effects of medetomidine on intra-renal arteries resistive and pulsatility indices in clinically normal adult domestic shorthair cats. Vet Res Forum. 2018;9:137-143.
  2. Boddi M, Natucci F and Ciani E. The internist and the renal resistive index: truths and doubts. Intern Emerg Med 2015; 10: 893–905.
  3. Böswald, L. F., Kienzle, E., & Dobenecker, B. (2018). Observation about phosphorus and protein supply in cats and dogs prior to the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease. Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition, 102 Suppl 1, 31–36. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.12886
  4. Bragato N, Borges NC, Fioravanti MCS. B-mode and Doppler ultrasound of chronic kidney disease in dogs and cats. Vet Res Commun. 2017;41:307-315.
  5. Bragato, N., Borges, N. C., & Fioravanti, M. C. S. (2017). B-mode and Doppler ultrasound of chronic kidney disease in dogs and cats. Veterinary research communications, 41(4), 307–315. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-017-9694-9
  6. Cauwenberghs N, Kuznetsova T. Determinants and prognostic signifi cance of the renal resistive index. Pulse. 2015;3:172-178
  7. Evangelista GCL, Viana AGA, Neves MM, Reis ECC. Resistivity and pulsatility indexes in feline kidney disease: a systematic review. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2022 May;63(3):306-318. doi: 10.1111/vru.13102.
  8. Evangelista, G. C., Dornelas, L. R., Cintra, C. C., Valente, F. L., Favarato, E. S., da Fonseca, L. A., & Reis, E. C. (2023). Evaluating feline lower urinary tract disease: Doppler ultrasound of the kidneys. Journal of feline medicine and surgery, 25(1), 1098612X221145477. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098612X221145477
  9. Garcia Merino, E., Borrego, F., & Polania, M.-,. G. (2021). El índice de resistencia vascular renal no tiene implicaciones pronósticas en el trasplante renal. Nefrologia, 69-87.doi: 10.1016/j.nefro.2019.12.003
  10. González Castillo, L. F., Sanmiguel Plazas, R. A. (2018). Acercamiento a la enfermedad renal crónica en caninos y felinos geriátricos. Ciencia y Agricultura, 15(2), 71-81. DOI: http://doi.org/10.19053/01228420.v15.n2.2018.8397.
  11. Granata A, Zanoli L, Clementi S, et al. Resistive intrarenal index: myth or reality? Br J Radiol 2014; 87. DOI: 10.1259/ bjr.20140004.
  12. Gunn-Moore DA. Feline lower urinary tract disease. J Feline Med Surg 2003; 5: 133-138.
  13. Haitsma Mulier JLG, Rozemeijer S, Röttgering JG, et al. Renal resistive index as an early predictor and discriminator of acute kidney injury in critically ill patients; a prospective observational cohort study. PLoS One 2018; 13: e0197967. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197967.
  14. Hall, J. A., Yerramilli, M., Obare, E., Yerramilli, M., & Jewell, D. E. (2014). Comparison of serum concentrations of symmetric dimethylarginine and creatinine as kidney function biomarkers in cats with chronic kidney disease. Journal of veterinary internal medicine, 28(6), 1676–1683. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.12445
  15. Hokamp, J. A., & Nabity, M. B. (2016). Renal biomarkers in domestic species. Veterinary clinical pathology, 45(1), 28–56. https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.12333
  16. Hostutler RA, Chew DJ and Dibartola SP. Recent concepts in feline lower urinary tract disease. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2005; 35: 147–170.
  17. Kongtasai, T., Paepe, D., Meyer, E., Mortier, F., Marynissen, S., Stammeleer, L., Defauw, P., & Daminet, S. (2022). Renal biomarkers in cats: A review of the current status in chronic kidney disease. Journal of veterinary internal medicine, 36(2), 379–396. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16377
  18. Lisciandro, G. (2016). Técnicas de ecografía enfocada para el veterinario de pequeños animales. Buenos Aires: INTER-médica.
  19. Little SE. The lower urinary tract. In: Little SE. The cat – clinical medicine and management. St Louis, MO: Elsevier, 2012, pp 980–1013.
  20. Macrì F, Pugliese M, Di Pietro S, et al. Doppler ultrasono graphic estimation of renal resistive index in horse: comparison between left and right kidneys. J Equine Vet Sci 2015; 35: 111–115.
  21. Matos I, Azevedo P and Carreira LM. Pilot study to evaluate the potential use of the renal resistive index as a preliminary diagnostic tool for chronic kidney disease in cats. J Feline Med Surg 2017; 20: 940–947.
  22. Mendivelso, F. (2022). Prueba no paramétrica de correlación de Spearman. Revista Médica Sanitas, 24(1). https://doi.org/10.26852/01234250.578
  23. Michel-Regalado, N. G., Ayala-Valdovinos, M. A., Galindo-García, J., Duifhuis-Rivera, T., & Virgen-Méndez, A. (2022). Prevalence of polycystic kidney disease in Persian and Persian-related cats in western Mexico. Journal of feline medicine and surgery, 24(12), 1305–1308. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098612X221114043
  24. Morrow KL, Salman MD, Lappin MR, et al. Comparison of the resistive index to clinical parameters in dogs with renal disease. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 1996; 37: 193–199.
  25. Novellas R, de Gopegui RR, Espada Y. Assessment of renal vascular resistance and blood pressure in dogs and cats with renal disease. Vet Rec. 2010;166:618-623.
  26. Novellas R, Espada Y, de Gopegui RR. Doppler ultrasonographic esti mation of renal and ocular resistive and pulsatility indices in normal dogs and cats. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2007;48:69-73.
  27. Nyland TG, Fisher PE, Doverspike M, et al. Diagnosis of urinary tract obstruction in dogs using duplex Doppler ultrasonography. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 1993; 34: 348–352.
  28. Park IC, Lee HS, Kim JT, Nam SJ, Choi R, Oh KS, Son CH, Hyun C. Ultrasonographic evaluation of renal dimension and resistive index in clinically healthy Korean domestic short-hair cats. J Vet Sci. 2008 Dec;9(4):415-9. doi: 10.4142/jvs.2008.9.4.415.
  29. Pérez-López, L., Boronat, M., Melián, C., Saavedra, P., Brito-Casillas, Y., WägneR. A. (2019). Assessment of the association between diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease in adult cats. J Vet Intern Med. 33(5):1921-1925. doi: 10.1111/jvim.15559.
  30. Platt JF, Rubin JM, Ellis JH, et al. Duplex Doppler US of the kidney: differentiation of obstructive from nonobstructive dilatation. Radiology 1989; 171: 515–517.
  31. R Core Team (2020). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. URL https://www.R-project.org/.
  32. Radermacher J, Ellis S and Haller H. Renal resistance index and progression of renal disease. Hypertension 2002; 39: 699–703.
  33. Rivers BJ, Walter PA, Polzin DJ, et al. Duplex Doppler estimation of intrarenal Pourcelot resistive index in dogs and cats with renal disease. J Vet Intern Med 1997; 11: 250–260.
  34. Schiemann U, Kaiser H, Götzberger M, et al. Determination of intrarenal resistance index (RI) in patients with multiple myeloma. Eur J Med Res 2010; 15: 210–213.
  35. Siwinska N, Zak A, Slowikowska M, et al. Renal resistive index as a potential indicator of acute kidney injury in horses. J Equine Vet Sci 2021; 103. DOI: 10.1016/ j.jevs.2021.103662.
  36. Tipisca, V., Murino, C., Cortese, L., Mennonna, G., Auletta, L., Vulpe, V., & Meomartino, L. (2016). Resistive index for kidney evaluation in normal and diseased cats. Journal of feline medicine and surgery, 18(6), 471–475. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098612X15587573

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Most read articles by the same author(s)

Similar Articles

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.