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Vol. 1 Núm. E (2024)
Segunda Jornada de Catálisis

Artículos de investigación / Research papers

Obtención De Furfural Por Pervaporación Usando Membranas Compuestas Por Silicalita-1 Y Pdms

https://doi.org/10.19053/uptc.01217488.v1.nE.2024.18303

Publicado 2024-11-15

  • Jorge Arturo Moreno-Cascante
    • ,
  • Johan Sebastián Flechas Figueroa
    • ,
  • Florencia Ridella
    • ,
  • Manuel Rendueles de la Vega
    • ,
  • Jairo Antonio Cubillos Lobo

Jorge Arturo Moreno-Cascante
Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia

Johan Sebastián Flechas Figueroa
Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia

Florencia Ridella
Universidad de Oviedo

Manuel Rendueles de la Vega
Universidad de Oviedo

Jairo Antonio Cubillos Lobo
Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia

Resumen

El furfural es un compuesto orgánico utilizado ampliamente en la industria como materia prima para la síntesis de diversos productos químicos. Este compuesto se encuentra sustituido en posición C-2, ofreciendo ventajas en función del tipo de sustituyente y del proceso industrial en el que se aplique. Sin embargo, la obtención de furfural a partir de un medio acuoso hace difícil su separación, siendo este procedimiento muy costoso por técnicas convencionales como la destilación. Por ello, en este trabajo se sintetizaron membranas de polidimetilsiloxano (PDMS) puras y mezcladas con silicalita-1; con el fin de separar furfural desde un medio acuoso de reacción utilizando pervaporación a temperaturas de 40 y 80°C. La obtención de furfural, se llevó a cabo mediante la deshidratación de fructosa usando óxido de niobio (Nb2O5) como catalizador. Las pruebas de separación por pervaporación mostraron selectividad hacia furfural (118,86) a 40°C con membranas libres de silicalita-1 y flux (22,11 g/m²×h) a 80°C con membranas al 80% de silicalita-1. Estos resultados indican que entre el flux y la selectividad se establece una relación inversamente proporcional. Las membranas fueron caracterizadas por espectroscopía infrarroja con transformada de Fourier (FTIR), Difracción de Rayos X (DRX), fisisorción con N2 a 77 K, análisis termogravimétrico (TGA) y microscopía electrónica de barrido acoplada a espectroscopía por dispersión de energía (SEM-EDS) con el fin de establecer correlaciones entre la morfología, estructura y composición de las membranas y su capacidad para separar furfural desde una solución acuosa que contiene también HMF.

Palabras clave

Furfural, Pervaporación, Polidimetilsiloxano, Separación, Silicalita-1

PDF

Citas

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