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Vol. 18 Núm. 2 (2024)
Excelencia hortícola: innovaciones en calidad, tecnología y sostenibilidad

Sección de plantas aromáticas, medicinales y condimentarias

Protección de la soja por el extracto de cáscara de naranja y sus nanocápsulas contra los daños del metanosulfonato de etilo

https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2024v18i2.17604

Publicado 2024-05-01

  • Khaled Ramadan
    • ,
  • Souhail Nader
    • ,
  • Loubna Mokrani

Khaled Ramadan
Damascus University, Faculty of Sciences, Botany Department, Damascus (Syrian Arab Republic)

Souhail Nader
Damascus University, Faculty of Sciences, Botany Department, Damascus (Syrian Arab Republic)

Loubna Mokrani
Damascus University, Faculty of Sciences, Botany Department, Damascus (Syrian Arab Republic)

Penta-foliate in soybean by EMS. Photo: K. Ramadan

Resumen

Los cítricos son una de las fuentes más importantes de sustancias fenólicas, conocidas como antioxidantes y agentes protectores frente al metanosulfonato de etilo (EMS). Se utilizaron cáscaras de naranja para extraer compuestos bioactivos como los fenoles, de los cuales se midieron sus concentraciones, además de evaluar la actividad antioxidante de los extractos. Se utilizó planta de soja para estudiar el efecto de varias concentraciones (0,01; 0,1; 1%) de extracto acuoso de cáscara de naranja como material protector al que se le añadió EMS (0,7%), así como extracto nanoencapsulado al 0,1%. Se midieron varios parámetros para evaluar el efecto de estas concentraciones en la soja (tasa de germinación, altura de la planta, número de hojas, características de las hojas, número total de flores después de 40 días desde la germinación, número de vainas por planta, número de semillas por planta, número de semillas por vaina, peso de 100 semillas). Los resultados mostraron que el 1% de extracto acuoso de cáscara de naranja tuvo el mayor efecto protector; sin embargo, no se mostró ningún efecto positivo cuando se usó sin EMS; el uso de 0,01% de extracto de cáscara de naranja fue realmente ventajoso para el crecimiento de las plantas. Por otro lado, el extracto nanoencapsulado de pectina-calcio al 0,1% mostró mejor efectividad en comparación con el extracto no encapsulado a la misma concentración. Estos resultados revelaron que el uso de extractos de plantas podría ser un enfoque prometedor para proteger las plantas de sustancias nocivas existentes en algunos medios (cultivo de tejidos) y entornos.

Palabras clave

Cítricos, Soja, Fenoles, Mutación, Antimutágenos, Nanoencapsulación

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Citas

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