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Vol. 19 Núm. 1 (2025)
En prensa / In Press

Sección de plantas aromáticas, medicinales y condimentarias

Actividades antimicrobianas de especies vegetales recolectadas en la región Noreste de Colombia

https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2025v19i1.18414

Publicado 2025-01-01

  • Ledys Sadirly Copete-Pertuz
    • ,
  • Fredy Alejandro Ortiz-Meneses
    • ,
  • Geovanna Tafurt-García
    • ,
  • Martha Isabel Barrera-Pérez

Ledys Sadirly Copete-Pertuz
Universidad Nacional de Colombia, sede Medellín, Medellin (Colombia)

Fredy Alejandro Ortiz-Meneses
Universidad Nacional de Colombia, sede Orinoquia, Arauca (Colombia)

Geovanna Tafurt-García
Universidad Nacional de Colombia, sede De La Paz, La Paz (Colombia)

Martha Isabel Barrera-Pérez
Universidad Nacional de Colombia, sede Orinoquia, Arauca (Colombia)

Growth of Colletotrichum musae from diseased plant tissue of banana fruits. Photo: F.A. Ortiz-Meneses

Resumen

Se han realizado estudios del potencial antimicrobiano de la flora natural, sobre múltiples bacterias (Gram-negativas y Gram-positivas) y hongos. Entre los patógenos de gran importancia se encuentran los del género Colletotrichum, que causan la antracnosis de una gran variedad de plantas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar las actividades antimicrobianas (AAM), de extractos vegetales (EV) y aceites esenciales (AE) de material vegetal recolectado en la región nororiental de Colombia. Para los AE obtenidos de Piper tenue Kunth, Piper eriopodon (Miq.) C. DC., Piper marginatum Jacq., Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit, Eriope crassipes Benth. y Lippia origanoides Kunth., se evaluó la aparición de halos de inhibición contra: Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella typhimurium, Klebsiella spp., Escherichia coli, Aspergillus terreus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus spp. y Candida spp. Por otra parte, se estimaron las inhibiciones del crecimiento de Colletotrichum musae Berk. & Curt. y Colletotrichum asianum por EV obtenidos de Ocotea aff. Ocotea caparrapi (Sand.-Groot ex Nates) Dugand, Trattinnickia rhoifolia Willd., Tetragastris panamensis (Engl.) Kuntze y Siparuna guianensis Aubl. Los AE de L. origanoides y E. crassipes, inhibieron el crecimiento de S. typhimurium, A. terreus y Candida spp. Para C. musae: O. aff. O. caparrapi y T. rhoifolia (1,0% p/v), mostraron un porcentaje de inhibición del crecimiento micelial (ICM), y un porcentaje de reducción de la producción de conidios (PRPC) superiores al 85%; T. panamensis y S. guianensis mostraron ICM y PRPC superiores al 71%. Para C. asianum: O. aff. O. caparrapi (1,0% p/v), alcanzó una inhibición superior al 83% (ICM y PRPC), seguido de S. guianensis, T. panamensis y T. rhoifolia. Las AAM tuvieron una alta correlación con el contenido de fenoles. Los AE de L. origanoides y E. crassipes, y el EV de O. aff. O. caparrapi presentaron AAM altas, comparables con las sustancias de control.

Palabras clave

Piperaceae, Lamiaceae, Verbenaceae, Antifungal, Antibacterial

PDF (English)

Citas

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