Ir al menú de navegación principal Ir al contenido principal Ir al pie de página del sitio

Vol. 22 Núm. 44 (2024)
Julio - Diciembre

Artículos

El derecho a la verdad. Reto científico entre una categoría especial de derecho humano emergente, o componente del derecho a la Paz

https://doi.org/10.19053/uptc.16923936.v22.n44.2024.18866

Publicado 2025-02-04

  • Daniel Rigoberto Bernal Gómez

Resumen

El derecho a la verdad es esencial para alcanzar la paz en el posconflicto, permitiendo a las víctimas y a la sociedad comprender y superar las violaciones ocurridas durante el conflicto y prevenir su repetición. No obstante, este derecho enfrenta varios retos socio-jurídicos. Primero, la falta de voluntad política de las partes, que puede conducir a la manipulación u ocultamiento de la verdad, dificultando la implementación de mecanismos efectivos de justicia transicional. Segundo, el hecho de que existe resistencia de las víctimas, quienes pueden temer revictimización o represalias al denunciar a sus agresores, limitando su participación en procesos de verdad. Tercero, la complejidad del conflicto, con múltiples causas y actores, lo que dificulta la investigación y comprensión completa de los hechos, requiriendo enfoques multidisciplinarios y sistémicos. Y, cuarto, la falta de recursos humanos y materiales necesarios para llevar a cabo procesos de verdad, que representa un obstáculo significativo, pues estos suelen ser costosos y demandan apoyo sostenido.

Por estos motivos, superar estos desafíos exige un compromiso firme de las partes involucradas, el apoyo de la comunidad internacional y el desarrollo de mecanismos justos y equitativos que integren la gestión de recursos en marcos políticos más amplios. Además, a pesar de las dificultades, abordar estos retos es indispensable para construir una paz duradera, promoviendo la justicia, la reparación y la reconciliación, y permitiendo a las víctimas superar el trauma y contribuir a un futuro mejor.

Palabras clave

Derecho a la verdad, Posconflicto, Voluntad política, Víctimas, Justicia Transicional, Violencia

Citas

  1. Ansorg, N. (2011). How Does Militant Violence Diffuse in Regions? Regional Conflict Systems in International Relations and Peace and Conflict Studies. International Journal of Conflict and Violence, 5(1), 173-187. https://doi.org/10.4119/UNIBI/IJCV.112
  2. Balemba, S. & Beauregard, E. (2019). What leads victims to resist? Factors that influence victim resistance in sexual assaults. Journal of Criminal Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1108/JCP-05-2019-0014
  3. Bretthauer, J. M. (2015). Conditions for Peace and Conflict Applying a Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis to Cases of Resource Scarcity. Journal of Conflict Resolution, https://doi.org/10.1177/0022002713516841
  4. Coleman, P. T., Liebovitch, L.S. & Fisher, J. (2019). Taking Complex Systems Seriously: Visualizing and Modeling the Dynamics of Sustainable Peace. Global Policy, https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-5899.12680
  5. Coning, C. (2020). Adaptive Peace Operations: Navigating the Complexity of Influencing Societal Change Without Causing Harm. International Peacekeeping. https://doi.org/10.1080/13533312.2020.1797500
  6. Corman, S. R. (2010). Complex Systems Problems in the War of Ideas. Perspectives on Terrorism, 2(3). https://www.jstor.org/stable/26298335
  7. Crilley, R. & Chatterje-Doody, P. N. (2021). Government disinformation in war and conflict. In: H. Tumber & S. Waisbord (eds.). The Routledge Companion to Media Disinformation and Populism (pp. 242-252). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003004431-27
  8. Dorjee, T. & Ting-Toomey, S. (2020). Understanding Intergroup Conflict Complexity: An Application of the Socioecological Framework and the Integrative Identity Negotiation Theory. Negotiation and Conflict Management Research. https://doi.org/10.1111/NCMR.12190
  9. Evans, A. (2010). Resource scarcity, climate change and the risk of violent conflict. World Bank. https://documents.worldbank.org/pt/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/351651468337157443/Resource-scarcity-climate-change-and-the-risk-of-violent-conflict
  10. Garufu, P. (2023). Understanding Political Will and Why It Matters to Confront Corruption in Zimbabwe. Journal of Asian and African Studies, https://doi.org/10.1177/00219096231207893
  11. Hollander, J. A. & Rodgers, K. (2014). Constructing Victims: The Erasure of Women's Resistance to Sexual Assault. Sociological Forum. https://doi.org/10.1111/SOCF.12087
  12. Homer-Dixon, T. F. (2000). Scarcity and Conflict. Princeton University Press.
  13. Jong, L., Bruin, S., Knoop, J. & van Vliet, J. (2021). Understanding land-use change conflict: a systematic review of case studies. Journal of Land use Science. https://doi.org/10.1080/1747423X.2021.1933226
  14. Kugler, K. G. & Coleman, P. T. (2020). Get Complicated: The Effects of Complexity on Conversations over Potentially Intractable Moral Conflicts. Negotiation and Conflict Management Research. https://doi.org/10.1111/NCMR.12192
  15. Littleton, H. & Decker, M. (2017). Predictors of resistance self-efficacy among rape victims and association with revictimization risk: A longitudinal study. Psychology of Violence. https://doi.org/10.1037/VIO0000066
  16. Lumban Gaol, H. S. & Novian Hartono, R. (2021). Political Will Pemerintah dan Pembaharuan Konsep Pengelolaan Hutan Adat sebagai Upaya Penyelesaian Konflik Agraria. Bhumi: Jurnal Agraria dan Pertanahan, 7(1). https://repository.ubaya.ac.id/39704/3/Heru%20Saputra%20Lumban%20Gaol_Political%20Will%20Pemerintah%20dan%20pembaharuan%20Konsep%20Pengelolaan%20Hutan%20Adat.pdf
  17. Mango, C. M. (2015). The Political Will and Its Effect Upon the Deterioration of the Land Compensation Value. Social Science Research Network. https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2586289
  18. Nkechi, A. O. (2014). Effective Strategies for the Improvement of Human and Material Resources Management in the Nigerian Local Government System. International Review of Management and Business Research.
  19. OECD (2024). El papel de la voluntad política para posibilitar enfoques de desarrollo a largo plazo para el desplazamiento forzado. https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/the-role-of-political-will-in-enabling-long-term-development-approaches-to-forced-displacement_ddefe61e-en.html
  20. Pinciotti, C. M. & Seligowski, A. V. (2021). The Influence of Sexual Assault Resistance on Reporting Tendencies and Law Enforcement Response: Findings from the National Crime Victimization Survey. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260519877946
  21. Qasem, I. (2009). Resource scarcity in the 21st century: Conflict or cooperation? Strategy & Change. https://hcss.nl/wp-content/uploads/2010/09/qasem-2010-resource.pdf
  22. Rubli, S. (2010). Knowing the Truth – What For? The Contested Politics of Transitional Justice in Burundi. https://doi.org/10.20446/JEP-2414-3197-27-3-21
  23. Terrence, E. P. (2013). Redefining Human Rights in the Struggle for Peace and Development: The greatest undiagnosed problem in international law. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107704947.003
  24. Ugoani, J. (2017). Political Will for Effective Reform Management and Sustainable Development Goals Achievement in Nigeria. Independent Journal of Management & Production. https://doi.org/10.14807/IJMP.V8I3.551
  25. Valeria, V. W. (2023). Who can organize and exercise effective resistance? A southern criminology perspective on the victimology of state crime. Theoretical Criminology, 27(3), 381-403. https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/bitstream/handle/fub188/41242/weis-2022-who-can-organize-and-exercise-effective-resistance-a-southern-criminology-perspective-on-the-victimology-of.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
  26. Wang., X., Sheng, Q. Z., Yao, L., Li, X., Fang, X. S., Xu, X. & Benatallah, B. (2016). Truth Discovery via Exploiting Implications from Multi-Source Data. ACM Digital Library. https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2983323.2983791
  27. Wennmann, A. (2011). Breaking the Conflict Trap? Addressing the Resource Curse in Peace Processes. Global Governance: A Review of Multilateralism and International Organizations. https://doi.org/10.1163/19426720-01702011
  28. West, A. & Loeffler, D. N. (2015). Understanding Victim Resistance: An Exploratory Study of the Experiences of Service Providers Working with Victims of Child Trafficking. The Journal of Applied Research on Children, 6(1). https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1188524
  29. Wong, J. S. & Balemba, S. (2018). The Effect of Victim Resistance on Rape Completion A Meta-Analysis. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838016663934
  30. Yang, J. & Tay, W. P. (2022). An unsupervised Bayesian neural network for truth Discovery in social networks. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge & Data Engineering, 34(11), 5182-5195. https://hdl.handle.net/10356/153704
  31. Yi, J. & Genevieve, L. (2016). Multiple Perpetrator Sexual Assault: The Relationship Between the Number of Perpetrators, Blame Attribution, and Victim Resistance. CUNY Academic Works. https://academicworks.cuny.edu/jj_etds/53/

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Artículos similares

1 2 > >> 

También puede {advancedSearchLink} para este artículo.