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Vol. 22 No. 44 (2024)
Julio - Diciembre

Articles

El derecho a la verdad. Reto científico entre una categoría especial de derecho humano emergente, o componente del derecho a la Paz

https://doi.org/10.19053/uptc.16923936.v22.n44.2024.18866

Published 2025-02-04

  • Daniel Rigoberto Bernal Gómez

Abstract

El derecho a la verdad es esencial para alcanzar la paz en el posconflicto, permitiendo a las víctimas y a la sociedad comprender y superar las violaciones ocurridas durante el conflicto y prevenir su repetición. No obstante, este derecho enfrenta varios retos socio-jurídicos. Primero, la falta de voluntad política de las partes, que puede conducir a la manipulación u ocultamiento de la verdad, dificultando la implementación de mecanismos efectivos de justicia transicional. Segundo, el hecho de que existe resistencia de las víctimas, quienes pueden temer revictimización o represalias al denunciar a sus agresores, limitando su participación en procesos de verdad. Tercero, la complejidad del conflicto, con múltiples causas y actores, lo que dificulta la investigación y comprensión completa de los hechos, requiriendo enfoques multidisciplinarios y sistémicos. Y, cuarto, la falta de recursos humanos y materiales necesarios para llevar a cabo procesos de verdad, que representa un obstáculo significativo, pues estos suelen ser costosos y demandan apoyo sostenido.

Por estos motivos, superar estos desafíos exige un compromiso firme de las partes involucradas, el apoyo de la comunidad internacional y el desarrollo de mecanismos justos y equitativos que integren la gestión de recursos en marcos políticos más amplios. Además, a pesar de las dificultades, abordar estos retos es indispensable para construir una paz duradera, promoviendo la justicia, la reparación y la reconciliación, y permitiendo a las víctimas superar el trauma y contribuir a un futuro mejor.

Keywords

Derecho a la verdad, Posconflicto, Voluntad política, Víctimas, Justicia Transicional, Violencia

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