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Vol. 19 Núm. 3 (2022)
Septiembre-Diciembre

ARTICULOS

Rol de los brasinoesteroides en frutales con énfasis en condiciones de estrés abiótico: Una revisión

https://doi.org/10.19053/01228420.v19.n3.2022.15367

Publicado 2022-12-12

  • Jorge Leonardo Cáceres Rodríguez
    • ,
  • Eduard Machado López
    • ,
  • Diego Andrés Martínez López
    • ,
  • María Camila Cortés Gómez
    • ,
  • Helber Enrique Balaguera Lopez

Jorge Leonardo Cáceres Rodríguez
Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Bogotá, Colombia).

Eduard Machado López
Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Bogotá, Colombia).

Diego Andrés Martínez López
Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Bogotá, Colombia).

María Camila Cortés Gómez
Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Bogotá, Colombia).

Helber Enrique Balaguera Lopez
Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Bogotá, Colombia).

Resumen

 

El cambio climático puede causar eventos de estrés en los cultivos, principalmente por los cambios generados sobre la precipitación y la temperatura. Dentro de los cultivos que se ven afectados se encuentran los frutales, un grupo de especies de gran importancia por su valor nutritivo en la dieta humana. Estas especies se pueden ver afectados por condiciones de estrés abiótico debido a cambios en la disponibilidad hídrica, la temperatura y la radiación. Por esta razón se han generado distintas alternativas que podrían mitigar dicha afectación, como la aplicación exógena de brasinoesteroides (BR). Los BR desempeñan un papel importante en el crecimiento y desarrollo de las plantas, además está involucrado en la respuesta de las plantas al estrés abiótico por medio de la regulación en la concentración de solutos, apertura estomática, protección del aparato fotosintético y el aumento de la capacidad antioxidante, principalmente. Este artículo de revisión busca sintetizar el papel de los brasinoesteroides en el crecimiento y desarrollo de los frutales, así como la función que desempeñan en la respuesta a condiciones de estrés abiótico, expresión génica y balance hormonal.

Palabras clave

Cambio climático, Estrés oxidativo, Fotosíntesis, Regulación génica, Fisiología vegetal

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