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Vol. 15 Núm. 1 (2024)
Vol 15, Núm.1 (2024): Enero-Junio

Artículos de investigación / Research papers

ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF NON-PSYCHOACTIVE CANNABIS VARIETIES FROM NORTH CAUCA, COLOMBIA

https://doi.org/10.19053/01217488.v15.n1.2024.15214

Publicado 2024-04-09

Paola Andrea Arango Romero
Universidad del Cauca

Jhan Carlos Delgado
Universidad del Cauca

Sandra Marcela Muñoz
Universidad del Cauca

Luis Llanos
Universidad del Cauca

Ricardo Benítez
Universidad del Cauca

Resumen

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo dar a conocer la composición química y el posible potencial medicinal de variedades de cannabis no psicoactivo cultivadas en el departamento del Cauca. Los cannabinoides fueron identificados y cuantificados por cromatografía líquida de alta resolución acoplada a un detector ultravioleta (HPLC/UV) para el análisis de la flor, y cromatografía de gases acoplada a un espectrómetro de masas (GC-MS) para el análisis de los extractos etanólicos y contenido terpenos. Los fenoles se cuantificaron por reacción con el reactivo de Folin & Ciocalteau; para la determinación de flavonoides y antraquinonas, los extractos fueron tratados con AlCl3. Finalmente, para determinar la actividad antioxidante se utilizaron tres métodos: DPPH, ABTS y FRAP. Se pudo determinar que las variedades A y B contenían porcentajes de tetrahidrocannabinol total (THC) menores al 1% y porcentajes de cannabidiol total (CBD) entre 9-15%. En los extractos etanólicos se alcanzaron concentraciones (m/m) de CBD en las variedades A y B, del 10% y 13,7%, respectivamente. Se identificaron y cuantificaron nueve terpenos de la muestra A y siete de la muestra B, siendo el β-cariofileno el más abundante en ambos. Teniendo en cuenta que existe evidencia en la literatura de que la relación CBD/THC influye en la actividad biológica, se espera que los extractos etanólicos de las variedades A y B tengan una actividad antioxidante de moderada a baja, lo que, según algunos investigadores, puede estar asociado con el efecto neuroprotector, que puede verse favorecido por la presencia de β-cariofileno.

Palabras clave

Actividad antioxidante, Cannabinoides, Cannabis, Terpenos

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