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Vol. 16 Núm. 1 (2025)
Vol. 16 Núm. 1 (2025): Vol. 16 Núm. 1 (2025): Vol 16, Núm.1 (2025): Enero - Junio

Artículos de investigación / Research papers

Aprovechamiento De Biomasa Y Residuos Agrícolas En La Producción De Moléculas Plataforma: Ácido Levulínico Y Derivados

https://doi.org/10.19053/uptc.01217488.v16.n1.2025.18188

Publicado 2025-04-20

  • María Angélica Escobar Caicedo
    • ,
  • Valeria Palermo
    • ,
  • Ángel Gabriel Sathicq
    • ,
  • Gustavo Pablo Romanelli

María Angélica Escobar Caicedo
Universidad Nacional de La Plata image/svg+xml

Valeria Palermo
Universidad Nacional de La Plata image/svg+xml

Ángel Gabriel Sathicq
Universidad Nacional de La Plata

Gustavo Pablo Romanelli
Universidad Nacional de La Plata image/svg+xml

Resumen

En este artículo de revisión se describe la importancia de una molécula plataforma obtenida a partir de biomasa: el ácido levulínico. El mismo y sus derivados representan una fuente para la obtención de productos renovables que pueden ser sustitutos sostenibles de los ya conocidos y que se obtienen a partir de derivados del petróleo. Inicialmente, se describen algunos principios de la Química asociados a la sostenibilidad, posteriormente se analiza la forma de generar moléculas plataforma a partir de biomasa, particularmente se destaca el ácido levulínico el cual puede obtenerse por procesos térmico-hidrolíticos de biomasa vegetal y en particular de residuos agrícolas. Se describen además algunos ejemplos concretos de su transformación hacia nuevos productos de interés, que incluyen aditivos para biocombustibles, productos de Química Fina como por ejemplo plaguicidas y aditivos de pinturas y en Química Farmacéutica.  Finalmente, se discuten algunos aspectos que serán necesarios investigar para el desarrollo de productos a partir de residuos post-cosecha que podrían obtenerse del Cinturón Hortícola Platense.

Palabras clave

Ácido levulínico y derivados, Bioeconomía sustentable, Moléculas plataforma, Química Sostenible, Residuos hortícolas

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