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Vol. 16 Núm. 1 (2022)

Sección de plantas aromáticas, medicinales y condimentarias

Composición química volátil del aceite esencial colombiano de Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng y su acción biocida contra el Tribolium castaneum (Herbst)

https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2022v16i1.13413

Publicado 2022-01-01

  • Beatriz Eugenia Jaramillo-Colorado
    • ,
  • Rafael Vega-Díaz
    • ,
  • Cruz Nayibe Pino-Benítez

Beatriz Eugenia Jaramillo-Colorado
Universidad de Cartagena, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Cartagena de Indias

Rafael Vega-Díaz
Universidad de Cartagena, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Cartagena de Indias

Cruz Nayibe Pino-Benítez
Universidad Tecnológica del Chocó Diego Luis Córdoba, Faculty of Education Sciences, Quibdo

Resumen

Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng es una planta herbácea y aromática, pertenece a la familia de las Lamiaceae. En este trabajo de investigación se estudió la actividad repelente e insecticida del aceite esencial (AE) de P. amboinicus proveniente de Condoto corregimiento del departamento de Chocó (Colombia) contra el gorgojo de harina Tribolium castaneum Herbst. El AE se aisló mediante la técnica de hidrodestilación. La identificación de los metabolitos volátiles del AE de P. amboinicus, se hizo a través de cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectrometría de a masas (CG/MS). Para el bioensayo de la actividad repelente y fumigante del aceite esencial fue utilizado el método de contacto. En el AE de Plectranthus amboinicus, se encontraron 15 compuestos mayoritarios. Entre ellos están: 3-hexen-2-ol-(z), 3-hexen-2-ol-(z), 2-careno, p-cimeno, γ-terpineno, 4-terpineol, carvacrol, isotimol, β-Guaieno, α-Bergamoteno, humuleno, α-muuroleno y β-bisaboleno. La actividad repente más alta fue de 83.33 y 92.67% a una concentración de 0.1% con tiempos de exposición de 2 y 4 horas, respectivamente. La actividad fumigante fue de 100% a la concentración del EO de 250 μL L-1. Los resultados indicaron que los compuestos naturales probados pueden ser alternativas útiles para controlar la infestación de T. castaneum.

Palabras clave

Aceites esenciales, Actividad repelente, Actividad insecticida, Plectranthus amboinicus

PDF (English)

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