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Vol. 16 Núm. 1 (2022)

Sección de frutales

Avances en la programación del riego de aguacate Hass bajo un enfoque de agricultura digital

https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2022v16i1.13456

Publicado 2022-01-01

  • Edwin Erazo-Mesa
    • ,
  • Andrés Echeverri-Sánchez
    • ,
  • Joaquin Guillermo Ramírez-Gil

Edwin Erazo-Mesa
Universidad del Valle, Facultad de Ingeniería, Escuela EIDENAR, Santiago de Cali

Andrés Echeverri-Sánchez
Universidad del Valle, Facultad de Ingeniería, Escuela EIDENAR, Santiago de Cali

Joaquin Guillermo Ramírez-Gil
Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Departamento de Agronomía, Bogota

Some remote sensing components and their application in agriculture Photo: E. Erazo-Mesa

Resumen

En condiciones tropicales, el riego de aguacate Hass es un tema controvertido debido a la poca evidencia científica. La rápida progresión de los avances tecnológicos y su incorporación en la agricultura han ampliado las opciones para mejorar la programación del riego (PR) del aguacate Hass. El concepto que presenta muchos de los avances tecnológicos en la agricultura se denomina agricultura digital (AD). A continuación, presentamos una combinación de estudios bien conocidos en el riego de aguacate Hass centrados en tecnologías de sensores próximos (DR) y estudios recientes que enfatizan en el potencial del sensoramiento remoto (SR) y las tecnologías para programar el riego. SP aprovecha la proximidad del suelo o los árboles para generar mediciones confiables con una alta resolución temporal, mientras que SR proporciona un amplio conjunto de datos espectrales en áreas continuas y grandes que se pueden transformar en variables biofísicas relacionadas con el cultivo. Adicionalmente, realizamos un análisis para la programación del riego que agrupa aplicaciones móviles (teléfonos inteligentes), programas de escritorio y plataformas basadas en la web, las cuales ofrecen ventajas como portabilidad, alta precisión y visualización gráfica de variables obtenidas o estimadas por sensores. La integración de las tecnologías SP y SR a través de aplicaciones fáciles de usar puede representar una opción adecuada para mejorar el riego del aguacate Hass en los países en desarrollo. Nuestra revisión se presenta en las siguientes secciones: introducción general, definición y enfoque de la DA, uso de detección próxima, detección remota y programación de aplicaciones para riego.

Palabras clave

Nuevas tecnologías, Agricultura 4.0, Sensores próximos, Sensores remotos, Apps para móvil y web

PDF (English)

Citas

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