Clústeres regionales como estrategia para superar desventajas competitivas

Resumen

El artículo tiene el objetivo de identificar cuáles son las ventajas de los clúster regionales para incentivar la competitividad de las empresas. Metodológicamente, se aborda un enfoque cualitativo a través de un ejercicio bibliométrico, que permitió la: recopilación, revisión y análisis de documentos publicados entre 2002 y 2019, en las bases de datos Scopus e ISI Web of Science. A partir de una muestra de 170 documentos, se realizó el análisis de contenido para identificar los principales ejes analíticos, que responden al propósito planteado. Entre los resultados se destacan: los avances en la conceptualización de los clústeres; la identificación del clúster como un tipo de aglomeración que facilita la difusión de conocimiento y de transferencia tecnológica entre empresas; y la capacidad del clúster como articulador de instituciones regionales. Los resultados permiten concluir la relevancia de la configuración de los clústeres para el desarrollo productivo regional, y el fortalecimiento de las ventajas competitivas de las organizaciones que lo conforman.

Palabras clave

clúster;, competitividad;, desarrollo regional;, organización industrial

Biografía del autor/a

Diana Lorena Pineda-Ospina

Economista, Magíster en Administración

Edgar Guillermo Rodríguez-Guevara

Economista, Magíster en Ingeniería Industrial

Diego Alonso García-Bonilla

Economista, Magíster en Administración de Empresas

Citas

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