Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer

Vol. 39 No. 69 (2020)

Economic theory

Unveiling the link between inequality and poverty

https://doi.org/10.19053/01203053.v39.n69.2020.9197

Published 2020-02-26

  • Julian Augusto Casas Herrera

Julian Augusto Casas Herrera
Universidad Pedagógica Tecnológica de Colombia

Abstract

This paper attempts to reveal the relationship between inequality-poverty from the exposure of empirical and theoretical elements, which allows, on the one hand, to outline that the approach of both phenomena has generally been isolated; and on the other, to expose a proposal that shows the importance of recognizing the relationship between inequality-poverty to improve the society well-being. To validate the proposal, a simulation was carried out in which the instrumentalization of the Gini coefficient and the Poverty Lines was involved, showing as a result the existence of the relationship and that when applying redistribution mechanisms, such as limiting the tolerance threshold of inequality of income, poverty is reduced. Therefore, it is essential to defend the right to live in a more egalitarian society, since poverty persists, fundamentally, because of inequality.

 

Keywords

inequality, poverty, income distribution, social exclusion, ethics

PDF (Español) HTML (Español) XML (Español)

Author Biography

Julian Augusto Casas Herrera

Docente de la escuela de economía de la UPTC

References

  1. Alvaredo, F., Chancel, L., Piketty, T., Sáenz, E. & Zucman, G. (2018). Informe sobre la desigualdad global. Recuperado de https://wir2018.wid.world/files/download/wir2018-summary-spanish.pdf
  3. Alvaredo, F. & Gasparini, L. (2015). Recent Trends in Inequality and Poverty in Developing Countries. In Handbook of Income Distribution, vol. 2 (pp. 697-805). Amsterdam: Elsevier.
  4. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-59428-0.00010-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-59428-0.00010-2
  6. Araujo, J., Marinho, E. & Campêlo, G. (2017). Economic Growth and Income Concentration and their Effects on Poverty in Brazil. CEPAL Review.
  8. Arthur, M. & Stepick, A. (2002). La cabeza de Jano. La desigualdad social en Oaxaca. Oaxaca, México: Fondo Editorial IEEPO.
  10. Atkinson, A. (1987). On the Measurement of Poverty. Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 749-764.
  11. https://doi.org/10.2307/1911028 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1911028
  13. Atkinson, A. (2015). Inequality. Boston, MA: Harvard University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4159/9780674287013
  15. Auyero, J. (2013). Pacientes del Estado. Buenos Aires: Eudeba.
  17. Ayala, L., Navarro, C. & Sastre, M. (2004). El Panel de Hogares de la Unión Europea: posibilidades y límites para el análisis dinámico. Mimeo.
  19. Barber, C. (2008). Notes on Poverty and Inequality. Oxfam International.
  21. Bárcena, A. & Prado, A. (2016). El imperativo de la igualdad: por un desarrollo sostenible en América Latina y el Caribe. México: Siglo Veintiuno Editores.
  23. Baulch, B. & Masset, E. (2003). Do Monetary and Nonmonetary Indicators Tell the same Story about Chronic Poverty? A Study of Vietnam in the 1990s. World Development, 31(3), 441-453.
  24. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-750X(02)00215-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-750X(02)00215-2
  26. Beker, V. (2014). Piketty: Inequality, Poverty and Managerial Capitalism. Real-World Economics Review, 69, 167-174.
  28. Beker, V. (2016). Growth, Inequality and Poverty: What Do we Know? https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2727231 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2727231
  30. Beteille, A. (2003). Poverty and Inequality. Economic and Political Weekly, 4455-4463.
  32. Bhorat, H. & Van der Westhuizen, C. (2008). Economic Growth, Poverty and Inequality in South Africa: The First Decade of Democracy. In Development Policy Research Unit Conference (pp. 27-29). Retrieved from https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=wE3VLDwAAAAJ&hl=en
  34. BID. (2005, dic.). Desigualdad a nivel de áreas menores en Panamá. Serie de estudios económicos y sectoriales. RE2-05-009. Washington DC: BID.
  36. Bourguignon, F. (2000). Crime, Violence and Inequitable Development. In Annual World Bank Conference on Development Economics 1999 (pp. 199-220). Washington DC.
  38. Bourguignon, F. (2003). The Growth Elasticity of Poverty Reduction: Explaining Heterogeneity across Countries and Time Periods. Inequality and Growth: Theory and Policy Implications, 1(1).
  40. Burns, J. & Esterhuizen, T. (2008). Poverty, Inequality and the Treated Incidence of First-Episode Psychosis. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 43(4), 331-335.
  41. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-008-0308-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-008-0308-2
  43. Cadenas, H. (2016). La desigualdad de la sociedad. Diferenciación y desigualdad en la sociedad moderna. Persona y Sociedad, 26(2), 51-77. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53689/pys.v26i2.16
  45. Cañón, L. (2016). Explicar la desigualdad con Inequality, de AB Atkinson. Editorial Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Ma., 2015, 384 páginas. E-pública: Revista Electrónica sobre la Enseñanza de la Economía Pública, (18), 64-77.
  47. Casas, J. & Barichello, R. (2015). Hacia una noción sobre la pobreza. Revista Apuntes del Cenes, 34(59).
  48. https://doi.org/10.19053/22565779.2784 DOI: https://doi.org/10.19053/22565779.2784
  50. CEPAL. (2016). La matriz de la desigualdad social en América Latina. Recuperado de https://www.cepal.org/sites/default/files/events/files/matriz_de_la_desigualdad.pdf
  52. CEPAL. (2018). Agenda 2030 y los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible: una oportunidad para América Latina y el Caribe. Recuperado de https://repositorio.cepal.org/bitstream/handle/11362/40155/24/S1801141_es.pdf
  54. Contreras, D. (1996). Pobreza y desigualdad en Chile: 1987-1992. Discurso, metodología y evidencia empírica. Estudios Públicos, 64, 57-94.
  56. Cortés, R., Mires, L. & Valenzuela, M. (2003). Mujeres, pobreza y mercado de trabajo: Argentina y Paraguay. International Labour Organization.
  58. Cruz, M., Foster, J., Quillin, B. & Schellekens, P. (2015). Ending Extreme Poverty and Sharing Prosperity: Progress and Policies. Policy Research Note PRN/15/03. World Bank Group.
  60. Cuadros, D. (2000). Nuevas concepciones de igualdad utilitarista. Agenda n.° 2. Bogotá: CIDER.
  62. Di Virgilio, M., Otero, M. & Boniolo, P. (2011). Pobreza y desigualdad en América Latina y el Caribe. Buenos Aires: Clacso.
  64. Dollar, D. & Kraay, A. (2002). Growth is Good for the Poor. Journal of Economic Growth, 7(3), 195-225.
  65. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020139631000 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020139631000
  67. Dworkin, R. (2013). Taking Rights Seriously. London, UK: A&C Black.
  69. Elhadary, Y. & Samat, N. (2002). Malaysia towards Zero Poverty by 2020. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/25509235/MALAYSIA_TOWARDS_ZERO_POVERTY_BY_2020
  71. Emmerich, N. (2012). América Latina en el bicentenario: pobres, desiguales y divididos. Recuperado de https://www.academia.edu/2444598/America_Latina_en_el_bicentenario_pobres_desiguales_y_divididos
  73. Ernst, T. & Losada, A. (2008). Aspectos socioculturales de desigualdad y pobreza en América Latina. El ejemplo de Bolivia. Diversidad cultural y desigualdad social en América Latina y el Caribe: desafíos de la integración global. El Salvador. Ediciones Böll.
  75. Fosu, A. (2009). Inequality and the Impact of Growth on Poverty: Comparative Evidence for Sub-Saharan Africa. The Journal of Development Studies, 45(5), 726-745.
  76. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220380802663633 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00220380802663633
  78. Franco, R. (2008). Protección social en Honduras: el papel de los programas de transferencias condicionadas: PRAF I, II y III. Sao Paulo/Santiago de Chile: IFHC/CIEPLAN.
  80. Fuentes, R. (2005). Poverty, Pro-Poor Growth and Simulated Inequality Reduction. Human Development Report Office, United Nations Development Programme.
  82. Hayek, F. (1999). Los orígenes de la libertad, la propiedad y la justicia. Extracto de La Fatal Arrogancia. Los errores del socialismo. Madrid: Unión Editorial.
  84. Hosseini, S., Arefi, S. & Dehbashi, M (2015, April). The Relationship Between Poverty, Inequality Income and Economic Growth in Rural and Urban Areas. IJBPAS, 4(4), 1980-1988.
  86. Housseima, G., & Rejeb, J. (2012). Poverty, Growth and Inequality in Developing Countries. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 2(4), 470-479.
  88. ILOSTAT (s.f.). Labour Statistics. Recuperado de https://www.ilo.org/ilostat/faces/ilostat-home
  90. Janvry, A. & Sadoulet, E. (2000). Growth, Poverty, and Inequality in Latin America: A Causal Analysis, 1970-94. Review of Income and Wealth, 46(3), 267-287.
  91. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4991.2000.tb00843.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4991.2000.tb00843.x
  93. Jenkins, S. (1991). The Measurement of Income Inequality. In L. Osberg (ed.) Economic Inequality and Poverty: International Perspectives (pp 3-38). New York, NY: M.E. Sharpe.
  95. Kakwani, N. & Pernia, E. (2000). What is Pro-Poor Growth? Asian Development Review, 18(1), 1-16.
  97. Kakwani, N., Khandker, S. & Son, H. (2004), Pro-Poor Growth: Concepts and Measurment with Countries Cases. Brazil: UNDP, International Poverty Center.
  99. Kakwani, N. & Hwa, H. (2016). Social Welfare Functions and Development: Measurement and Policy Applications by Nanak Kakwani and Hyun Hwa Son. London: Palgrave MacMillan and Springer Verlag. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-58325-3
  101. Kanbur, R. & Squire, L. (1999). The Evolution of Thinking about Poverty: Exploring the Interactions. Department of Agricultural, Resource and Managerial Economics Working Paper n.° 99-24. New York: Cornell University.
  103. Karelis, C. (2007). The Persistence of Poverty: Why the Economics of the Well-off can't help the Poor. New Haven, Conn: Yale University Press.
  105. Kuramoto, J. (2011). Articulación empresarial y formalización: lecciones a partir de proyectos de desarrollo en el Perú y en República Dominicana. Recuperado de https://idl-bnc-idrc.dspacedirect.org/handle/10625/47441
  107. Kuznets, S. (1955). Economic Growth and Income Inequality. The American Economic Review, 45(1), 1-28.
  109. Londoño, J. & Szekely, M. (1997). Persistent Poverty and Excess Inequality: Latin America. 1970-1995. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/4928132_Persistent_Poverty_and_Excess_Inequality_Latin_America_1970-1995
  110. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1815983 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1815983
  112. McKnight, A., Duque, M. & Rucci, M. (2017). Double Trouble: A Review of the Relationship between UK Poverty and Economic Inequality. London: Oxfam.
  113. https://doi.org/10.21201/2017.9439 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21201/2017.9439
  115. Michálek, A. & Výbošťok, J. (2018). Economic Growth, Inequality and Poverty in the EU. Social Indicators Research, 1-20.
  116. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-018-1858-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-018-1858-7
  118. Mussa, R. (2011). The Poverty-Inequality Relationship in Malawi: A Multidimensional Perspective. Retrieved from https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/31413/
  120. Narayan, D. (2000). La voz de los pobres ¿hay alguien que nos escuche? Barcelona: Banco Mundial, Ediciones Mundi-Prensa.
  122. Narayan, D. & Petesch, P. (2010). Salir de la pobreza: perspectivas interdisciplinarias sobre la movilidad social. Banco Mundial.
  123. https://doi.org/10.1596/978-9-5883-0744-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1596/978-9-5883-0744-2
  125. ODS (s.f.). Objetivo 10. Recuperado de http://www.ods.cr/objetivo/objetivo-10
  127. Ogbeide, E., & Agu, D. (2015). Poverty and Income Inequality in Nigeria: Any Causality? Asian Economic and Financial Review, 5(3), 439.
  128. https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.aefr/2015.5.3/102.3.439.452 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.aefr/2015.5.3/102.3.439.452
  130. OIT. (2018). Perspectivas Sociales y del Empleo en el Mundo: Tendencias 2018. World Employment and Social Outlook. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/wow3.124
  132. OIT. (2020). Perspectivas sociales y del empleo en el mundo: tendencias 2018. Recuperado de http://ilo.org/wesodata
  134. Organización de las Naciones Unidas (2010). Combating Poverty and Inequality Structural Change, Social Policy and Politics. United Nations Research Institute for Social Development. Chapter 2: Income Inequality and Structural Change.
  136. Ostry, D., Andrew, B. & Charalambos, T. (2014). Redistribution, Inequality, and Growth. IMF Staff Discussion Note, SDN/14/02.
  137. https://doi.org/10.5089/9781484352076.006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781484352076.006
  139. Oxfam International. (2016). Una economía al servicio del 1 %. Recuperado de https://www.oxfam.org/en/research/economy-1
  141. Oxfam International. (2017). Una economía para el 99 %. Recuperado de https://www.oxfam.org/en/research/economy-99
  143. Oxfam International. (2018). Premiar el trabajo, no la riqueza. Recuperado de https://www.oxfam.org/es/informes/premiar-el-trabajo-no-la-riqueza
  145. Oxfam International. (2019). ¿Bienestar público o beneficio privado? Recuperado de https://www.oxfam.org/es/informes/bienestar-publico-o-beneficio-privado
  147. Parsons, T. (1940). An Analytical Approach to the Theory of Social Stratification. American Journal of Sociology, 45(6), 841-862.
  148. https://doi.org/10.1086/218489 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/218489
  150. Piketty, T. (2014). El capital en el siglo XXI. Bogotá: Fondo de Cultura Económica.
  152. Pindyck, R. S., Rubinfeld, D. L. & Rabasco, E. (2013). Microeconomía. Italia: Pearson.
  154. Pogge, T. (2005). "Asistiendo" a los pobres globales. Diacrítica, Revista do Centro de Estudos Humanísticos, Columbia University.
  156. Punset, E. (2005). El viaje a la felicidad. Las nuevas claves científicas. Barcelona: Ediciones Destino.
  158. Ravallion, M. (1998). Poverty Lines in Theory and Practice: Living Standards Measurement Study. World Bank: Working Paper, (13).
  159. https://doi.org/10.1596/0-8213-4226-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1596/0-8213-4226-6
  161. Ravallion, M. (2004). A Poverty-Inequality Trade Off. World Bank Development Economics Research Working Paper. Washington: World Bank.
  162. https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-3579 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-3579
  164. Ravallion, M. & Chen, S. (1997). What can New Survey Data tell us about Recent Changes in Distribution and Poverty? The World Bank Economic Review, 11(2), 357-382.
  165. https://doi.org/10.1093/wber/11.2.357 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/wber/11.2.357
  167. Ricardo, D. (2003). Principios de economía política y tributación. Madrid: Pirámide.
  169. Rocha, A. (1986). La desigualdad económica. México: El Colegio de México.
  170. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv233q54 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv233q54
  172. Rowntree, B. (1901). Poverty: A Study of Town Life. London: MacMillan.
  174. Salama, P. (2006). Apertura y pobreza: ¿qué clase de apertura? Comercio Exterior, 56(20), 20-32.
  176. Schwab, K. & Martin, S. (2016). The Global Competitiveness report 2016-2017: Insight Report. In World Economic Forum, Geneva, OCLC (vol. 989119813).
  178. Sen, A. (1979). Equality of What? In The Tanner Lecture on Human Values, Stanford University.
  180. Sen, A. (1992). Sobre conceptos y medidas de pobreza. Comercio Exterior, 42(4), 310-322.
  182. Sen, A. (1992). Nuevo examen de la desigualdad. Madrid: Alianza.
  184. Sen, A. (1998). Las teorías del desarrollo a principios del siglo XXI. Cuadernos de Economía, 17(29), 73-100.
  186. Smith, A. (1997). Investigación sobre la naturaleza y causas de la riqueza de las naciones. (1.a ed.). México: FCE.
  188. Soares, R. & Naritomi, J. (2008). Understanding High Crime Rates in Latin America: The Role of Social and Policy Factors, Global Development Network. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/252706887_Understanding_High_Crime_Rates_in_Latin_America_The_Role_of_Social_and_Policy_Factors
  190. Suryahadi, A., Widyanti, W., Perwira, D., Sumarto, S., Elbers, C. & Pradhan, M. (2003). Developing a Poverty Map for Indonesia: An Initiatory Work in Three Provinces (Part I: Technical Report). Jakarta: SMERU Research Institute.
  192. Tanner, M. (2016). Five Myths about Economic Inequality in America. Cato Institute Policy Analysis, (797).
  194. Townsend, P. (2007). Introducción. En Grupo de Río, Compendio de mejores prácticas en la medición de la pobreza (pp. 13-28). Santiago de Chile: CEPAL.
  196. Trucco, D. & Ullmann, H. (2015). Juventud: realidades y retos para un desarrollo con igualdad. Cepal.
  197. https://doi.org/10.18356/1d4fe2ef-es DOI: https://doi.org/10.18356/1d4fe2ef-es
  199. Valletta, R. (2004). The Ins and Outs of Poverty in Advanced Economies: Poverty dynamics in Canada, Germany, Great Britain, and the United States. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.631841 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.631841
  201. Villaplana, A. (2010). El análisis filosófico de las nociones de pobreza y desigualdad económica. Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Costa Rica.
  203. Waglé, U. (2013). Heterogeneity Link of the Welfare State and Redistribution. Switzerland: Springer International.
  204. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02815-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02815-6
  206. Weber, M. (2014). Economía y sociedad. México: Fondo de Cultura Económica.
  208. World Bank (2018). Poverty and Shared Prosperity 2018: Piecing Together the Poverty Puzzle. Washington, DC: World Bank.
  210. Zaman, K. & Khilji, B. (2013). The Relationship between Growth-Inequality-Poverty Triangle and Pro-Poor Growth Policies in Pakistan: The Twin Disappointments. Economic Modelling, 30, 375-393.
  211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2012.09.023 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2012.09.023

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Most read articles by the same author(s)

Similar Articles

<< < 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.