Distribución espacial del riesgo potencial de marchitamiento del aguacate causado por <i>Phytophthora cinnamomi</i> en la subregión de Montes de María, Colombia

Lorena Osorio-Almanza; Oscar Burbano-Figueroa; Angela María Arcila C.; Ana Milena Vásquez B.; Francisco Carrascal-Pérez; Jorge Romero F.

doi:10.17584/rcch.2017v11i2.7329

Authors

Lorena Osorio-Almanza Centro de Investigación Turipaná, The Plant Interactions Laboratory, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (Corpoica), Cereté http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7520-4716
Oscar Burbano-Figueroa Centro de Investigación Turipaná, The Plant Interactions Laboratory, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (Corpoica), Cereté http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6604-7333
Angela María Arcila C. Centro de Investigación Caribia, Laboratorio de Entomología, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (Corpoica), Sevilla http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7353-5207
Ana Milena Vásquez B. Centro de Investigación Turipaná, The Plant Interactions Laboratory, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (Corpoica), Cereté http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6435-8464
Francisco Carrascal-Pérez Centro de Investigación Caribia, Laboratorio de Entomología, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (Corpoica), Sevilla http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7353-5207
Jorge Romero F. Centro de Investigación Turipaná, Laboratorio de Fisiología Vegetal, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (Corpoica), Cereté http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7249-6549

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2017v11i2.7329

Keywords:

Root rot, Maxent, Colombian Caribbean, Bioclim, shoot dieback.

Abstract

Avocado wilting or root rot, caused by the oomycete Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands, is the most limiting disease of avocado crops around the world. Montes de Maria (MM) is the main producer region of avocado in the Colombian Caribbean. Avocado producing areas in MM are decreasing in an inverse trend compared with the increasing hectarage world and nation-wide. Decreasing hectarage in MM is associated with phytosanitary problems, specifically the avocado wilting caused by P. cinnamomi. Climate is one of the main abiotic factors determining spatial distribution of species. For plant-pathogens, environmental conditions determine host-colonization. Under this scenario, the aim of this study was to estimate the spatial distribution of the avocado root-rot risk in the subregion of Montes de Maria, Colombia. This estimation was based on data for the presence of shoot dieback, a characteristic, easily identifiable symptom of root rot caused by P. cinnamomi. This symptom exhibits a high correlation with disease incidence and severity. A Maxent model was used to estimate the spatial distribution of the risk, showing a high statistical validation (test AUC>0.9). This model identified areas with a high risk for occurrence of branch dieback and, consequently, root rot. Areas with a higher risk of root rot were found at the higher altitudes, with lower temperatures in the coldest trimester (BIO11 ~22°C), and in the warmest one (BIO10 ~24°C), with higher rainfall during the dry season (BIO17 - BIO14).

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