Empoderamiento de la mujer: evidencia en la cadena de valor de maíz- tortilla en la región de Valles Centrales y el Istmo de Tehuantepec, Oaxaca, México.
Resumen
Este artículo explora el nivel de empoderamiento de las mujeres (EM) a partir de seis dominios: toma de decisiones, autonomía, acceso y control de los recursos, participación comunitaria y participación en gestión empresarial, dentro del contexto de la cadena de valor de maíz-tortilla. Se utilizó un cuestionario semiestructurado para recolectar datos a través del método de encuesta y la observación participante. La muestra fue integrada por 136 productoras originarias de dos municipios, 67de Santa María Xadani de la región Istmo de Tehuantepec y 69 de San Antonio de la Cal de la región Valles Centrales en Oaxaca, México. Los resultados destacan que las mujeres ejercen cinco de los seis dominios explorados de empoderamiento. Dos dominios con niveles altos y tres dominios con niveles medios de empoderamiento. Los resultados cualitativos indican que los recursos monetarios que las mujeres obtienen de la venta de sus tortillas son destinados a comprar alimentos, materia prima y servicios médicos. Gran parte de su tiempo es dedicado a la producción y comercialización de tortillas, y a actividades del hogar. Finalmente, este estudio genera implicaciones a las políticas públicas para apoyar la construcción de estrategias que eleven los niveles de EM en los sistemas agroalimentarios de los contextos rurales.
Códigos JEL: I31, J16, P42, Q01, R11
Recibido: 13/01/2023. Aceptado: 24/05/2023. Publicado: 26/06/2023.
Palabras clave
empoderamiento de la mujer, emprendimiento, desarrollo sostenible, género, cadena de valor de maíz-tortilla
Biografía del autor/a
Marbella Sánchez-Soriano
Arcelia Toledo-López
Jorge Antonio Acevedo-Martínez
Blasa Celerina Cruz-Cabrera
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