Modelos de negocio hacia el logro de la sustentabilidad: una revisión general
Resumen
La sustentabilidad es un término que ha prevalecido por décadas, desde la preocupación por generar un equilibrio entre el crecimiento económico y la naturaleza, hasta su integración en el ámbito empresarial. Esto último, se inició por razones éticas, después como requisito para cumplir con aspectos normativos y, recientemente, según la evidencia, para aumentar el valor de mercado. El objetivo del trabajo es presentar una revisión general de las diferentes propuestas de modelos de negocio con enfoque sustentable, para entender sus características, limitaciones y el valor que ofrecen. Se aplicó una perspectiva cualitativa, a través de la revisión sistemática de la literatura en el portal de investigación Web of Science (WoS) de Clarivate Analytics, y un análisis de 40 documentos. Por su relevancia, destacan cinco propuestas: Modelo de Negocio Sustentable, Modelo de Negocio Verde o Ecológico, Modelo de Negocio Circular, Innovación en el Modelo de Negocio Sustentable e Innovación en el Modelo de Negocio Verde. El que una empresa se posicione como sostenible implica no solo alinear los objetivos económicos con las necesidades de la sociedad y el ambiente, sino también, generar e impulsar los cambios necesarios para lograrlo.
Códigos JEL: M10, Q51, Q56.
Recibido: 23/11/2023. Aceptado: 14/03/2024. Publicado: 19/04/2024.
Palabras clave
Sustentabilidad, Modelos de negocio, Innovación, Pensamiento empresarial sustentable, Creación de valor
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