Intercambio gaseoso y fluorescencia de la clorofila en menta (Mentha spicata L.) influenciados por la nutrición mineral
- Lucas Esteban Cano-Gallego
, - Nube Minchalá-Buestan,
- Ruby Alejandra Loaiza-Ruíz,
- José Régulo Cartagena-Valenzuela,
- Oscar de Jesús Córdoba-Gaona
Resumen
La producción de menta con calidad de exportación es limitada en Colombia, debido a los bajos volúmenes de producción, el poco cumplimiento de buenas prácticas agrícolas, la disponibilidad de nutrientes y el manejo de la fertilización. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar cómo la fertilización NPK influye en la fotosíntesis y la fotoquímica de la menta, durante el crecimiento vegetativo. En casa malla, se evaluaron dosis crecientes de una fertilización química a partir de la fórmula 10-30-10 (NPK) en las cantidades de 0, 60, 90, 120 y 180 kg ha-1. Las variables estimadas fueron fotosíntesis neta (A), transpiración (E), conductancia estomática (gs), temperatura de la hoja (Thoja), rendimiento cuántico (Qy), desactivación no fotoquímica (NPQ), desactivación química (qP) y materia seca (Dm). Los mayores valores A, Qy, E y gs se presentaron en plantas tratadas con altas dosis de NPK; mientras que el NPQ y el qP aumentaron en las plantas con bajas dosis de NPK. Nuestros hallazgos proveen bases a cerca de la influencia del NPK sobre la fotosíntesis y otros parámetros fisiológicos, con relación al crecimiento y desarrollo de la menta.
Palabras clave
Lamiaceae, Plantas aromáticas, Nutrición vegetal, Hierbas perennes
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