Effect of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium doses on tree tomato (<i>Solanum betaceum</i> Cav.) growth in the vegetative phase
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Ramírez-Soler, C. H., Magnitskiy, S., Melo M., S. E., & Melgarejo, L. M. (2018). Effect of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium doses on tree tomato (<i>Solanum betaceum</i> Cav.) growth in the vegetative phase. Revista Colombiana De Ciencias Hortícolas, 12(1), 31-40. https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2018v12i1.7469
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Autores
Claudia Helena Ramírez-Soler
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3283-2675
Stanislav Magnitskiy
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3715-1932
Sandra Esperanza Melo M.
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4875-7657
Luz Marina Melgarejo
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3148-1911
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium doses on tree tomato (Solanum betaceum Cav.) growth in the vegetative phase. This research was conducted under greenhouse conditions at the National University of Colombia, Bogotá. A randomized block design was employed to evaluate eight treatments with three replicates as follows: i) CC: commercial control, ii) CS: control without fertilization, iii) Low N: 10% of the recommended dose (DR); iv) Low P: 10% DR; v) Low K: 10% DR, vi) High N: 200% DR; vii) High P: 200% DR, and viii) High K: 200% DR. The fertilizer plan was adjusted according to the soil analysis and doses reported for the species. To determine plant growth, growth rate indexes were used based on the functional logistic model. The treatment without fertilization CS and High P reduced the leaf area, number of leaves, stem length, and dry mass of leaves of the tree tomatoes by about 50%, unlike the commercial control (CC). The Low K treatment increased the same variables by 70%, as well as the total dry mass. For growth rates, the Low K treatment resulted in the highest leaf area index and relative growth rate, and the High K treatment presented the highest crop growth rate.
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Marschner, H. 2012. Mineral nutrition of higher plants. 3rd ed. Academia Press, Londres, UK.
Martínez, F., J. Sarmiento, G. Fischer y F. Jiménez. 2008. Efecto de la deficiencia de N, P, K, Ca, Mg y B en componentes de producción y calidad de la uchuva (Physalis peruviana L.). Agron. Colomb. 26(3), 389-398.
Montalvo, G. 2010. Evaluación de dos formulaciones químicas a base de N, P, K para el desarrollo y crecimiento de plantas de tomate de árbol (Solanum betaceum). Tesis de pregrado. Escuela Superior Politecnica de Chimborazo, Riobamba, Ecuador.
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Pilco, J. 2009. Evaluación de dos formulaciones químicas a base de N, P, K para floración y reproducción de plantas de tomate de árbol (Solanum betaceum). Trabajo de pregrado. Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo. Riobamba, Ecuador.
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Rios, J., S. Jaramillo, L. Gonzalez y J. Cortes. 2010. Determinación del efecto de diferentes niveles de fertilización en papa (Solanum tuberosum ssp. Andigena) Diacol Capiro en un suelo con propiedades ándicas de Santa Rosa de Osos, Colombia. Rev. Fac. Nal. Agr. Medellín 63(1), 5225-5237 Doi: 10.15446/rfnam
Rubio, V., R. Bustos, M. Irigoyen, X. Cardona-López, R. Rojas- Triana y J. Paz-Ares. 2009. Plant hormones and nutrient signaling. Plant Mol. Biol. 69(4), 361-373. Doi: 10.1007/s11103-008-9380-y
Subbarao, G., L. Berry y R. Wheeler. 2003. Sodium – A functional plant nutrient. Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 22(5), 391- 416. Doi: 10.1080/07352680390243495
Vitousek, P., S. Porder, B. Houlton y O. Chadwick. 2010. Terrestrial phosphorus limitation: mechanisms, implications, and nitrogen–phosphorus interactions. Ecol. Appl. 20, 5-15. Doi: 10.1890/08-0127.1
Almanza, P., P. Serrano y O. Castro. 2008. Respuesta fisiológica del lulo (Solanun quitoense Lam.) a la fertilización orgánica en Tinjacá, Boyacá. Cultura Científica 6, 83-86.
Armengaud, P., R. Sulpice, A. Miller, M. Stitt, A. Amtmann e Y. Gibon. 2009. Multilevel analysis of primary metabolism provides new insights into the role of potassium nutrition for glycolysis and nitrogen assimilation in Arabidopsis roots. Plant Physiol. 150(2), 772-785. Doi: 10.1104/pp.108.133629
Baloch, P., R. Uddin, F. Nizamani, A. Solangi y A. Siddiqui. 2014. Effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers on growth and yield characteristics of radish (Raphanus sativus L.). Am. Eurasian. J. Agric. Environ. Sci. 14(6), 565-569. Doi: 10.5829/idosi. aejaes.2014.14.06.12350
Barraza, F. 2000. Crecimiento del chile manzano (Capsicum pubescens R. y P.) en cuatro soluciones nutritivas bajo invernadero. Tesis de maestría. Instituto de Horticultura, Universidad Autónoma de Chapingo, México DF, México.
Boussadia, O., K. Steppe, H. Zgallai, D. Ben El Hadj, M. Braham, R. Lemeur y M. Van Labeke. 2010. Effects of nitrogen deficiency on leaf photosynthesis, carbohydrate status and biomass production in two olive cultivars ‘Meski’ and ‘Koroneiki’. Sci. Hortic. 123, 336- 342. Doi: 10.1016/j.scienta.2009.09.023
Clark, C. y A. Richardson. 2002. Biomass and mineral nutrient partitioning in a developing tamarillo (Solanum betaceum) crop. Sci. Hort. 94, 41-51. Doi: 10.1016/ S0304-4238(01)00355-7
Clavijo-Sánchez, N., N. Flórez-Velasco y H. Restrepo-Díaz. 2015. Potassium nutritional status affects physiological response of tamarillo plants (Cyphomandra betacea Cav.) to drought stress. J. Agr. Sci. Tech. 17, 1839-1849.
Divito, G. y V. Sadras. 2014. How do phosphorus, potassium and sulphur affect plant growth and biological nitrogen fixation in crop and pasture legumes? A meta-analysis. Field Crops Res. 156, 161-171. Doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2013.11.004
Fischer, G. (ed.). 2012. Manual para el cultivo de frutales en el trópico. Produmedios, Bogotá, Colombia.
Gardner, F., R. Pearce y R. Mitchell. 1990. Physiology of crop plants. 2a ed. Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
Giorgi, A., M. Mingozzi, M. Madeo, G. Speranza y M. Cocucci. 2009. Effect of nitrogen starvation on the phenolic metabolism and antioxidant properties of yarrow (Achillea collina Becker ex Rchb.). Food Chem. 114(1), 204-211. Doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.09.039
Hill, T. y P. Lewicki. 2007. Statistics: methods and applications. StatSoft, Tulsa, OK, USA.
Hu, W., X. Lv, J. Yang, B. Chen, W. Zhao, Y. Meng, Y. Wang, Z. Zhou y D. Oosterhuis. 2016. Effects of potassium deficiency on antioxidant metabolism related to leaf senescence in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Field Crops Res. 191, 139-149. Doi: 10.1016/j. fcr.2016.02.025
IGAC (Instituto Geográfico Agustín Codazzi). 2006. Métodos analíticos de laboratorio de suelos. 6a ed. Bogotá, Colombia.
Kanai, S., R. Moghaieb, R. El-Shemy, R. Panigrahi, R. Mohapatra, J. Ito, N. Nguyen, H. Saneoka y K. Fujita. 2011. Potassium deficiency affects water status and photosynthetic rate of the vegetative sink in greenhouse tomato prior to its effects on source activity. Plant Sci. 180, 368-374. Doi: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2010.10.011
Kalaji, H., A. Oukarroum, V. Alexandrov, V. Kouzmanova, M. Brestic, M. Zivcak, I. Samborska, M. Cetner, S. Allakhverdiev y V. Goltsev. 2014. Identification of nutrient deficiency in maize and tomato plants by in vivo chlorophyll a fluorescence measurements. Plant Physiol. Biochem. 81, 16-25. Doi: 10.1016/j. plaphy.2014.03.029
Laisk, A., H. Eichelmann, V. Oja, B. Rasulov, E. Padu, I. Bichele, H. Pettai y O. Kull. 2005. Adjustment of leaf photosynthesis to shade in a natural canopy: rate parameters. Plant Cell Environ. 28, 375-388. Doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2004.01274.x
Malvi, R. 2011. Interaction of micronutrients with major nutrients with special reference to potassium. Karnataka J. Agric. Sci. 24(1), 106-109.
Marschner, H. 2012. Mineral nutrition of higher plants. 3rd ed. Academia Press, Londres, UK.
Martínez, F., J. Sarmiento, G. Fischer y F. Jiménez. 2008. Efecto de la deficiencia de N, P, K, Ca, Mg y B en componentes de producción y calidad de la uchuva (Physalis peruviana L.). Agron. Colomb. 26(3), 389-398.
Montalvo, G. 2010. Evaluación de dos formulaciones químicas a base de N, P, K para el desarrollo y crecimiento de plantas de tomate de árbol (Solanum betaceum). Tesis de pregrado. Escuela Superior Politecnica de Chimborazo, Riobamba, Ecuador.
Oosterhuis, D., D. Loka, E. Kawakami y W. Pettigrew. 2014. The physiology of potassium in crop production. Adv. Agron. 126, 203-233. Doi: 10.1016/ B978-0-12-800132-5.00003-1
Osorio, C., N. Hurtado, C. Dawid, T. Hofmann, F. Heredía y A. Morales. 2012. Chemical characterisation of anthocyanins in tamarillo (Solanum betaceum Cav.) and Andes berry (Rubus glaucus Benth.) fruits. Food Chem. 132, 1915-1921. Doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.12.026
Pilco, J. 2009. Evaluación de dos formulaciones químicas a base de N, P, K para floración y reproducción de plantas de tomate de árbol (Solanum betaceum). Trabajo de pregrado. Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo. Riobamba, Ecuador.
Pillimue, G., N. Barrera y E. Cantillo. 1998. Determinación de deficiencias de elementos mayores en plántulas de tomate de árbol Solanum betaceum sinónimo Solanum betaceum (Cav.) Sendt. Acta Agron. 48(3), 62-67.
Rios, J., S. Jaramillo, L. Gonzalez y J. Cortes. 2010. Determinación del efecto de diferentes niveles de fertilización en papa (Solanum tuberosum ssp. Andigena) Diacol Capiro en un suelo con propiedades ándicas de Santa Rosa de Osos, Colombia. Rev. Fac. Nal. Agr. Medellín 63(1), 5225-5237 Doi: 10.15446/rfnam
Rubio, V., R. Bustos, M. Irigoyen, X. Cardona-López, R. Rojas- Triana y J. Paz-Ares. 2009. Plant hormones and nutrient signaling. Plant Mol. Biol. 69(4), 361-373. Doi: 10.1007/s11103-008-9380-y
Subbarao, G., L. Berry y R. Wheeler. 2003. Sodium – A functional plant nutrient. Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 22(5), 391- 416. Doi: 10.1080/07352680390243495
Vitousek, P., S. Porder, B. Houlton y O. Chadwick. 2010. Terrestrial phosphorus limitation: mechanisms, implications, and nitrogen–phosphorus interactions. Ecol. Appl. 20, 5-15. Doi: 10.1890/08-0127.1
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