Clústeres regionales como estrategia para superar desventajas competitivas
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Resumen
El artículo tiene el objetivo de identificar cuáles son las ventajas de los clúster regionales para incentivar la competitividad de las empresas. Metodológicamente, se aborda un enfoque cualitativo a través de un ejercicio bibliométrico, que permitió la: recopilación, revisión y análisis de documentos publicados entre 2002 y 2019, en las bases de datos Scopus e ISI Web of Science. A partir de una muestra de 170 documentos, se realizó el análisis de contenido para identificar los principales ejes analíticos, que responden al propósito planteado. Entre los resultados se destacan: los avances en la conceptualización de los clústeres; la identificación del clúster como un tipo de aglomeración que facilita la difusión de conocimiento y de transferencia tecnológica entre empresas; y la capacidad del clúster como articulador de instituciones regionales. Los resultados permiten concluir la relevancia de la configuración de los clústeres para el desarrollo productivo regional, y el fortalecimiento de las ventajas competitivas de las organizaciones que lo conforman.
Palabras clave
clúster;, competitividad;, desarrollo regional;, organización industrial
Biografía del autor/a
Diana Lorena Pineda-Ospina
Economista, Magíster en Administración
Edgar Guillermo Rodríguez-Guevara
Economista, Magíster en Ingeniería Industrial
Diego Alonso García-Bonilla
Economista, Magíster en Administración de Empresas
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