Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer

Pre-depulping and depulping treatments and the emergence of queen palm seeds (Syagrus romanzoffiana [Cham.] Glassman)

Syagrus romanzoffiana under conditions of Brazilian Cerrado. Photo: L.M. Nascimento

Abstract

The propagation of the palm Syagrus romanzoffiano is done sexually with seeds, making the process of obtaining new plants slow and difficult, especially on large scales. In addition, seed germination is slow, uneven and susceptible to degradation and loss of vigor because of embryo deterioration, even under laboratory conditions. As a result of the lack of information on efficient depulping methods for queen palm fruits, the present study aimed to establish a depulping methodology that is less aggressive to embryos, maintaining emergence quality. This experiment was carried out in Goiânia, Brazil, using fruits from eight stock plants submitted to three pre-depulping treatments (control, fermentation and drying) and two depulping methods (industrial depulping and concrete-mixer with the addition of gravel). After the different pre-sowing processes, the fresh and dry pyrenes mass, remaining fibers adhered to the pyrene and seedling emergence were evaluated. The pulper removed an average of 45% more pyrene pulp than the concrete mixer. However, these methodologies did not result in differences in the emergence of plants, which was affected only by the pre-depulping treatment, with superiority in the use of fresh fruits. Thus, the pulper was more efficient for the removal of pulp and pulp fibers than the concrete mixer. The depulping method did not significantly affect the pyrenes mass. Higher seedlings emergence values were observed for the fresh fruits that were pulped and sown immediately. Fermentation and partial pulp dehydration exert a negative influence on seedling emergence.

Keywords

Fermentation, Seedlings production, Native species, Ornamental perennials, Embryo deterioration

PDF

References

Batista, G.S., R.S. Costa, R. Gimenes, K.F.L. Pivetta, and F.V. Môro. 2011a. Aspectos morfológicos dos diásporos e das plântulas de Syagrus oleracea (Mart.) Becc - Arecaceae. Com. Sci. 2(3), 170-176.

Batista, G.S., R.B. Mazzini, R. Gimenes, H.W. Pritchard, and K.F.L. Pivetta. 2011b. Effects of substrate and mechanical scarification on the germination of Syagrus oleracea (Arecaceae) seeds. Seed Sci. Technol. 39, 649-654. Doi: 10.15258/sst.2011.39.3.11

Baskin, J.M. and C.C. Baskin. 2014. What kind of seed dormancy might palms have? Seed Sci. Res. 24, 17-22. Doi: 10.1017/S0960258513000342

Begnini, R.M., F.R. Da Silva, and T. Castellani. 2013. Fenologia reprodutiva de Syagrus romanzoffiana (Cham.) Glassman (Arecaceae) em Floresta Atlântica no sul do Brasil. Biotemas 26(4), 53-60. Doi: 10.5007/2175-7925.2013v26n4p53

Beltrame, R.A., J.M. Jasmim, and H.D. Vieira. 2019. Morphological characterization and germination of Syagrus schizophylla (Mart.) Glass. (ARECACEAE). Comun. Sci. 10(1), 54-64. Doi: 10.14295/CS.v10i1.2997

Bovi, M.L.A. and N. Bortoletto. 1998. Palmito-gariroba: Syagrus oleracea (Mart.) becc. pp. 258-259. In: Fahl, J.I., M.B.P. Camargo, M.A. Pizzinatto, J.A. Betti, A.M.T. Melo, I.C. De Maria, and A.M.C. Furlani (eds.). Instruções agrícolas para as principais culturas econômicas. IAC, Campinas.

Bruno, M.M.A., K.G. Massi, M.M. Vidal, and J. Vall Hay. 2019. Reproductive phenology of three Syagrus species (Arecaceae) in a tropical savanna in Brazil. Flora 252, 18-25. Doi: 10.1016/j.flora.2019.02.002

Coimbra, M.C. and N. Jorge. 2012. Fatty acids and bioactive compounds of the pulps and kernels of Brazilian palm species, guariroba (Syagrus oleraces), jerivá (Syagrus romanzoffiana) and macaúba (Acrocomia aculeata). J. Sci. Food Agric. 92(3), 679-684. Doi: 10.1002/jsfa.4630

Costa, C.R.X., K.F.L. Pivetta, G.R.B. de Souza, R.B. Mazzini-Guedes, S.T.S. Pereira, and M.R. Nogueira. 2018. Effects of temperature, light and seed moisture content on germination of Euterpe precatoria Palm. Am. J. Plant Sci. 9(1), 98-106. Doi: 10.4236/ajps.2018.91009

Dias, T.D., M.S. Conceição, and R.S. De Avila Junior. 2011. Pseudalopex gymnocercus (Carnívora: Canidae) e seu papel dispersor de sementes de Syagrus romanzoffiana (Arecaceae) no RS. In: Anais do 3º Salão Internacional de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão da UNIPAMPA: Salão de Pesquisa. Uruguaiana, Brazil.

Dewir, Y.H., M.E.S. El-Mahrouk, and Y. Naidoo. 2011. Effects of Some Mechanical and Chemical Treatments on Seed Germination of Sabal palmetto and Thrinax morrisii palms. Aust. J. Crop Sci.5 (3), 248-253.

Diniz, J.A. and L.F. Sá. 1995. A cultura da guariroba. EMATER-GO, Goiânia, Brazil.

Downer, J. and D. Hodel. 2001. The effects of mulching on establishment of Syagrus romanzoffiana (Cham.) Becc., Washingtonia robusta H. Wendl. and Archontophoenix cunninghamiana (H. Wendl.) H. Wendl. & Drude in the landscape. Sci. Hortic. 87(1-2), 85-92. Doi: 10.1016/S0304-4238(00)00171-0

Falasca, S.L., C. Miranda del Fresno, and A. Ulberich. 2012. Possibilities for growing queen palm (Syagrus romanzoffiana) in Argentina as a biodiesel producer under semi-arid climate conditions. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 37(19), 14843-14848. Doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.12.092

Félix, F.C., F.S. Araújo, C.S. Ferrari, and M.V. Pacheco. 2017. Dessecação e armazenamento de sementes de Adonidia merrillii (Becc.) Becc. Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Agrár. 12(1), 86-91. Doi: 10.5039/agraria.v12i1a5421

Fleury, M., F. Silla, R.R. Rodrigues, H.T. Couto, and M. Galetti. 2015. Seedling fate across different habitats: The effects of herbivory and soil fertility. Basic. Appl. Ecol. 16(2), 141-151. Doi: 10.1016/j.baae.2014.11.006

Garcia, V.A. 2015. Desenvolvimento e maturação de frutos e sementes de espécies de Arecaceae (Bactris gasipaes Kunth., Euterpe edulis Mart. e Syagrus romanzoffiana (Cham.) Glassman). PhD thesis. Instituto de Botânica da Secretaria de Estado do Meio Ambiente, São Paulo, Brasil.

Goudel, F. 2012. Caracterização e processamento de mapuitã, os frutos da palmeira jerivá (Syagrus romanzoffiana (Cham.). MSc thesis. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil.

Goudel, F., M. Shibata, C.M.M. Coelho, and P.R.M. Miller. 2013. Fruit biometry and seed germination of Syagrus romanzoffiana (Cham.) Glassm. Acta Bot. Bras. 27(1), 147-154. Doi: 10.1590/S0102-33062013000100015

Guimarães, P.R., P.F.M. Lopes, M.L. Lyra, and A.P. Muriel. 2005. Fleshy pulp enhances the location of Syagrus romanzoffiana (Arecaceae) fruits by seed-dispersing rodents in an Atlantic forest in south-eastern Brazil. J. Trop. Ecol. 21(1), 109-112. Doi: 10.1017/S0266467404001932

Isoshi, E., F.V. Moro, B.G.T.L. Vieira, R. Barbosa, and R.D. Vieira. 2016. Chemical composition and tetrazolium test of Syagrus romanzoffiana (Cham.) Glassman seeds. Rev. Bras. Frutic. 38(4), e-550. Doi: 10.1590/0100-29452016550

Lorenzi, H. 2015. Plantas para jardim no Brasil: herbáceas, arbustivas e trepadeiras. 2nd ed. Nova Odesa, Instituto Plantarum.

Martins, C.C., M.L.A. Bovi, J. Nakagawa, and J. Godoy. 2000. Depulping and temperature in seed storage of red-palmito (Euterpe espiritosantensis Fernandes). Rev. Bras. Sementes 22(1), 169-176.

Matteucci, M.B.A., N.N.R. Guimarães, J.B. Duarte, and T.F. Domingos. 2007. Determinação do melhor tratamento para a superação da dormência em guariroba - Syagrus oleracea (Mart) Becc. Pesq. Agropec. Trop. 25(2), 149-153.

Messias, A.D. and A.A. Alves. 2009. Jerivá (Syagrus romanzoffiana - Arecaceae) como oferta de alimento para fauna silvestre em fragmentos de mata ciliar, em período de outono-inverno. Rev. Bras. Biol. 2(1), 35-50.

Mhanhmad, S., P. Leewanish, V. Punsuvon, and P. Srinives. 2011. Seasonal effects on bunch components and fatty acid composition in Dura oil palm (Elaeis guineensis). Afr. J. Agric. Res. 6(7), 1835-1843.

Moreira, M.A.C., M.P. Arrúa, A.C. Antunes, T.E.R Fiuza, B.J. Costa, P.W. Neto, and S.R.M. Antunes. 2013. Characterization of Syagrus romanzoffiana oil aiming at biodiesel production. Ind. Crop. Prod. 48, 57-60. Doi: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.04.006

Moura, R.C., P.S.N. Lopes, D.S. Brandão Junior, J.G. Gomes, and M.B. Pereira. 2010. Fruit and seed biometry of Butia capitata (Mart.) Beccari (Arecaceae), in the natural vegetation of the North of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Biota Neotrop. 10(2), 415-419. Doi: 10.1590/S1676-06032010000200040

Moussa, H., H.A. Margolis, P. Dube, and J. Odongo. 1998. Factors affecting the germination of doum palm (Hyphaene thebaica Mart.) seeds from the semi-arid zone of Niger, West Africa. For. Ecol. Manag. 104(1-3), 27-41. Doi: 10.1016/S0378-1127(97)00230-2

Munhoz, R.E.F., P. Almeida, F. Negri, G. Rodrigues, L. Capellari, and J.C.P. Mello. 2017. Quebra de dormência em Palmito Juçara (Euterpe edulis). Rev. Uningá 5(1), 163-169.

Nascente, A.S. and N. Peixoto. 2000. Levantamento de dados sobre guariroba no Estado de Goiás. Hort. Bras. 18, 878-879.

Oliveira, T.G.S. 2014. Aspectos ecofisiológicos da germinação e armazenamento de sementes de jerivá (Syagrus romanzoffiana) (Cham.) Glassman. MSc thesis. Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Brazil.

Oliveira T.G.S., A.C. Jose, L.M. Ribeiro, and J.M.R. Faria. 2015. Longevity and germination of Syagrus romanzoffiana (Arecaceae) seeds and its ecological implications. Rev. Biol. Trop. 63(2), 333-340.

Pernús, M. and J.A. Sánchez. 2017. Germination and seed dormancy of Coccothrinax crinita subsp. crinita (Arecaceae), endemic palm of Western Cuba. Rev. Jard. Bot. Nac. 38(1), 49-56.

Pinheiro, R. de M., E.A. dos Santos, K.N.O. Moraes, and E.J.L. Ferreira. 2017. Emergência de plântulas e caracterização morfométrica de frutos e sementes de bacabinha (Oenocarpus mapora H. Karsten. Arecaceae). pp. 1529-1543. In: 14ª Jornada de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa, Centro Universitário da Região da Campanha, Bagé, Brasil.

Santos, I.R.I. and A.N. Salomão. 2017. In vitro germination of zygotic embryos excised from cryopreserved endocarps of queen palm (Syagrus romanzoffiana (Cham.) Glassman). In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. -Plant. 53, 418-424. Doi: 10.1007/s11627-017-9840-7

Silva, F.R. da, R.M. Begnini, B.C. Lopes, and T.T. Castellani. 2011. Seed dispersal and predation in the palm Syagrus romanzoffiana on two islands with different faunal richness, southern Brazil. Stud. Neotrop. Fauna E. 46(3), 163-171. Doi: 10.1080/01650521.2011.617065

Silva-Cardoso, I.M. de A., A.M. Souza, and J.E. Scherwinski-Pereira. 2017. The palm tree Syagrus oleracea Mart. (Becc.): a review. Sci. Hortic. 225, 65-73. Doi: 10.1016/j.scienta.2017.06.054

Teixeira, M.T., H.D. Vieira, F.L. Partelli, and R.F. Silva. 2011. Despolpamento, armazenamento e temperatura na germinação de sementes de palmeira real australiana. Pesq. Agropec. Trop. 41(3), 378-384. Doi: 10.5216/pat.v41i3.9617

Vallilo, M.I., M. Tavares, S. Aued-Pimentel, M.L. Garbelotti, and N.C. Campos. 2001. Composição química e o perfil de ácidos graxos das sementes de quatro espécies de palmeiras cultivadas no estado de São Paulo. Rev. Inst. Florest. 13(2), 147-154.

Zimmermann, T.G., R.M. Begnini, and F.R. Silva. 2011. Syagrus romanzoffiana (Jerivá). pp. 812-819. In: Coradin, L., A. Siminski, and A. Reis. (Ed.). Espécies nativas da flora brasileira de valor econômico atual ou potencial: plantas para o futuro – Região Sul. Ministério do Meio Ambiente (MMA). Brasilia.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Most read articles by the same author(s)

Similar Articles

<< < 1 2 3 4 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.