Effects of exogenous applications of gibberellic acid on the development and quality of jabuticaba fruits
- Leandra Regina Semensato
, - Eduardo Pradi Vendruscolo,
- Alexsander Seleguini,
- Eloá Caroline Miranda da Silva,
- Rogério de Sirqueira Paiva
Abstract
The jabuticaba is a native species that is seeing increased industrial exploitation because of its organoleptic and functional characteristics, making it attractive for food and pharmaceutical products. However, the fruit composition is not favorable for processing because of the abundance of seeds. Techniques already established for other crops should be studied to improve industrial use characteristics. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the development and organoleptic quality of jaboticaba fruits as a function of exogenous applications of gibberellic acid on the stem of plants in three reproductive stages. The treatments consisted of four concentrations of gibberellic acid (0, 50, 100 and 200 mg L-1) applied to jabuticaba plant stems in three reproductive phenological stages (flower buds, anthesis and post-flowering). A randomized complete block design was used with a factorial scheme (4×3) with six replications. It was observed that applications during anthesis and after flowering resulted in lower seed mass values and seed numbers and higher pulp yield, on average 23.08, 22.97 and 20.87%, respectively. The treatment with flower buds and increased gibberellic acid concentrations also resulted in an increased pulp yield, up to a maximum of 12.58%. Thus, it was concluded that the application of increasing concentrations of gibberellic acid, up to 200 mg L-1, improves pulp yield without altering the organoleptic characteristics of jabuticaba fruits and that applications at post-flowering or anthesis provide higher quality for industrial uses.
Keywords
Plinia spp., Native species, Growth regulator, Plant physiology, Subtropical fruiting, Cell development
References
Cardoso, M.R.D., F.F.N. Marcuzzo, and J.R. Barros. 2014. Classificação climática de Köppen-Geiger para o estado de Goiás e o Distrito Federal. Acta Geogr. 8(16), 40-55.
Ferreira, D.F. 2014. Sisvar: A guide for its Bootstrap procedures in multiple comparisons. Ciênc. Agrotec. 38(2), 109-112. Doi: 10.1590/S1413-70542014000200001
Kosera Neto, C., A.H. Porto, M.D. Silva, J.C. Radaelli, and A. Wagner Júnior. 2018. Reproductive and vegetative behavior of hybrid jabuticaba tree under flowering induction. Pesqui. Agropecu. Trop. 48(2), 118-125. Doi: 10.1590/1983-40632018v4851911
Pandolfini, T. 2009. Seedless fruit production by hormonal regulation of fruit set. Nutrients 1(2), 168-177. Doi: 10.3390/nu1020168
Pereira, M.C.T., J.H. Crane, S. Nietsche, W. Montas, and M.A. Santos. 2014. Reguladores de crescimento na frutificação efetiva e qualidade de frutos partenocárpicos de atemoia 'Gefner'. Pesq. Agropec. Bras. 49(4), 281-289. Doi: 10.1590/S0100-204X2014000400006
Pires, E.J.P. and R.V. Botelho. 2001. Uso de reguladores vegetais na cultura da videira. p. 129. In: Libro de resúmenes, Simpósio Brasileiro sobre Uvas de Mesa. Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, Ilha Solteira, Brazil.
Semensato, L.R., E.P.V. Vendruscolo, A. Seleguini, P.A. Batista Filho, E.C.M. Silva, and T.P. Silva. 2020. Fenologia, produtividade e qualidade de frutos de jabuticabeiras de diferentes idades das plantas. Iheringia Sér. Bot. 75, e2020013. Doi: 10.21826/2446-82312020v75e2020013
Sezerino, A.A. and A.I. Orth. 2015. Pollination of the portuguese pear in Bom Retiro-SC, Brazil. Rev. Bras. Frutic. 37(4), 943-951. Doi: 10.1590/0100-2945-209/14
Silva, K.K.A., E.O. Ono, M.A.C. Mouco, G.J. Nogueira, R.J.M. Souza, N.C. Silva, and R.D.C.B. Silva. 2017. Uniconazole no florescimento e produção da mangueira (Mangifera indica L.) cv. Palmer. Magistra 26(4), 505-514.
Soares, J., A. Silva, and J. Alexandre. 2001. O livro da pera rocha. Associação Nacional de Produtores de Pera Rocha, Cadaval, Brazil.
Taiz, L., E. Zeiger, I.M. Møller, and A. Murphy. 2017. Plant physiology. 6th ed. Sinauer Associates Publishers, Sunderland, MA.
Tecchio, M.A., M.F. Moura, J.L. Hernandes, E.J. Paioli-Pires, M.M. Terra, and S. Leonel. 2009. Efeito do ácido giberélico nas características ampelométricas dos cachos de uva ‘A Dona’e ‘Marte’. Sci. Agrar. 10(4), 297-304. Doi: 10.5380/rsa.v10i4.14800
Tofanelli, M.B.D., J.E. Amaya-Robles, J.D. Rodrigues, and E.O. Ono. 2003. Ácido giberélico na produção de frutos partenocárpicos de pimenta. Hortic. Bras. 21(1), 116-118. Doi: 10.1590/S0102-05362003000100024
Vieira, C.R.Y.I., E.J.P. Pires, M.M. Terra, M.A. Tecchio, and R.V. Botelho. 2008a. Efeitos do ácido giberélico e do thidiazuron sobre as características dos frutos e do mosto da uva ‘Niagara Rosada’. Rev. Bras. Frutic. 30(1), 12-19. Doi: 10.1590/S0100-29452008000100005
Vieira, C.R.Y.I., E.J.P. Pires, M.M. Terra, M.A. Tecchio, and M.D.C. Vieira. 2008b. Reguladores vegetais influenciando número e tamanho de células das bagas da uva 'Niagara Rosada'. Rev. Bras. Frutic. 30(1), 25-30. Doi: 10.1590/S0100-29452008000100007
Vilela, R.C.F., J. Assis, L. Nóbrega Filho, and B.F. Viana. 2012. Sistema reprodutivo e diversidade genética de quatro espécies de Myrciaria (Myrtaceae, Jabuticabeiras). Acta Bot. Bras. 26(4), 727-734. Doi: 10.1590/S0102-33062012000400002