Tendências de pesquisa em aspectos socioambientais e socioculturais do ecoturismo na Am rica Latina (2015-2020)
- Lillyam López
, - Víctor Julio Balanta,
- Heriberto Fernando Vargas
Resumo
Na América Latina, o ecoturismo tem sido relevante nos últimos anos. O objetivo é explicar as tendências de pesquisa em aspectos socioambientais e socioculturais do ecoturismo na América Latina entre 2015 e 2020 através de uma revisão documental das publicações científicas sobre ecoturismo. Dados quantitativos e qualitativos foram utilizados. O caráter da pesquisa é descritivo-interpretativo e transversal. O método hermenêutico foi desenvolvido em duas fases: heurística, na qual 57 estudos de pesquisa foram consultados e sistematizados; e hermenêutica, na qual os dados foram interpretados utilizando a técnica de análise de conteúdo. Sendo o ecoturismo um campo emergente, as tendências em questões socioambientais são o desenvolvimento sustentável, a gestão e proteção ambiental e os aspectos socioeconômicos. As tendências socioculturais são agência, participação e pesquisa. Em termos de metodologias, há uma transição de metodologias quantitativas para mistas, com predominância de metodologias qualitativas. Nas práticas de produção de conhecimento, há experiências coletivas interessantes, mas predomina a pesquisa individual. Os anos com mais publicações neste campo foram 2019, 2018 e 2017. O México se destaca como o país com o maior número de estudos. Finalmente, é apresentada uma proposta para integrar duas dimensões: (a) sustentabilidade: socioambiental e socioeconômica, e (b) cultura ambiental: sociopolítica, socioeducacional e científico-tecnológica; tudo mediado pela interdisciplinaridade. A conexão de problemas, metodologias e participação de diversos pesquisadores e comunidades é importante.
Palavras-chave
ecoturismo, sociocultural, socioambiental, problemas, metodologia, pesquisa, América Latina
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